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The energy recovery linac test facility (ERL-TF), a compact ERL-FEL (free electron laser) two-purpose machine, was proposed at the Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing. As one important component of the ERL-TF, the photo-injector…
We aim at demonstrating the capabilities of a newly developed method for determining electric currents in the solar photosphere. We employ three-dimensional radiative magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to produce synthetic Stokes…
Equivalent Circuit Model(ECM)has been widelyused in battery modeling and state estimation because of itssimplicity, stability and interpretability.However, ECM maygenerate large estimation errors in extreme working conditionssuch as…
Understanding how the complex intermolecular- and nano-structure present in organic semiconductor donor-acceptor blends impacts charge carrier motion, interactions, and recombination behavior is a critical fundamental issue with a…
Energy-based models (EBMs) are powerful probabilistic models, but suffer from intractable sampling and density evaluation due to the partition function. As a result, inference in EBMs relies on approximate sampling algorithms, leading to a…
We report a new particle in cell (PIC) method based on the semi-implicit approach. The novelty of the new method is that unlike any of its semi-implicit predecessors at the same time retains the explicit computational cycle and conserves…
A drastic cumulation of current density caused by electrostatic repulsion in relativistic vacuum diodes with ring-type cathodes is described theoretically and confirmed experimentally. The distinctive feature of the suggested cumulation…
A combination of transient photovoltage (TPV), voltage dependent charge extraction (CE) and time delayed collection field (TDCF) measurements is applied to poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl]…
Thin film solar cells have been attractive for decades in advanced green technology platforms due to its possibilities to be integrated with buildings and on-chip applications. However, the bottleneck issues involved to consider the current…
This paper contains a detailed derivation of the photoinduced current density at third order in the coupling between a semiconductor and a multifrequency photon field, starting from its standard textbook expression as a third order time…
Process optimization of photovoltaic devices is a time-intensive, trial and error endeavor, without full transparency of the underlying physics, and with user-imposed constraints that may or may not lead to a global optimum. Herein, we…
Accurate modeling of charge transport and both thermal and luminescent radiation is crucial to the understanding and design of radiative thermal energy converters. Charge carrier dynamics in semiconductors are well-described by the…
Two-photon time-resolved photoluminescence has been recently applied to various semiconductor devices to determine carrier lifetime and surface recombination velocities. So far the theoretical modeling activity has been mainly limited to…
The possibility of the precise measurement of the electron beam energy using absorption of radiation by electrons in a static and homogeneous magnetic field in a range up to a few hundred GeV energies, was considered in [1]. With the…
This work demonstrates photon emission gain, i.e., emission of multiple photons per injected electron, through impact excitation in Er-doped silicon light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Conventional methods for exciting Er ions in silicon suffer…
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a proposed machine to explore the behaviour of the fundamental particles and forces that bind atomic nuclei together. The design and construction of the EIC are underway at Brookhaven National Laboratory…
Photon imaging for MeV gammas has serious difficulties due to huge backgrounds and unclearness in images, which are originated from incompleteness in determining the physical parameters of Compton scattering in detection, e.g., lack of the…
We review comprehensive observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave-driven energetic electron precipitation using data from the energetic electron detector on the Electron Losses and Fields InvestigatioN (ELFIN) mission, two…
Charge carrier mobility and recombination determine the performance of many opto-electronic devices such as solar cells, sensors and light-emitting diodes. Understanding how these parameters change as a function of material choice, charge…
We discuss the key principles of artificial photosynthesis for photovoltaic energy conversion. We demonstrate these principles by examining the operation of the so-called "dye sensitized solar cell" (DSSC) - a photoelectrochemical device…