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Ever science the invention of solar cells, thermodynamics has been used to assess their performance limits, guiding advances in materials science and photovoltaic technology to reduce the gap between the practical efficiencies and the…
The power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells has recently improved beyond 20%. The active layers of these devices comprise of at least two organic semiconductors, forming a type II heterojunction. Hereby, the device performance is…
Transient photovoltage (TPV) is a technique frequently used to determine charge carrier lifetimes in thin-film solar cells such as organic, dye sensitized and perovskite solar cells. As this lifetime is often incident light intensity…
Recombination losses contribute to reduce $J_{SC}$, $V_{OC}$ and the fill factor of organic solar cells. Recent advances in non-fullerene organic photovoltaics have shown, nonetheless, that efficient charge generation can occur under small…
Perovskite solar cells are notorious for exhibiting transient behaviour not seen in conventional inorganic semiconductor devices. Significant inroads have been made into understanding this fact in terms of rapid ion migration, now a…
Demonstration of high-efficiency large area cells with excellent stability is an important requirement towards commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSC). With reports of high-quality perovskite grains, it is evident that the…
EMCCDs are efficient imaging devices for low surface brightness UV astronomy from space. The large amplification allows photon counting, the detection of events versus non-events. This paper provides the statistics of the observation…
We analyze beam-induced depolarizing effects in the hydrogen jet target (HJET) at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) that has been used for absolute hadron beam polarimetry and shall be employed at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC).…
Electron beam ion sources (EBISs) are ion sources that work based on the principle of electron impact ionization, allowing the production of very highly charged ions. The ions produced can be extracted as a DC ion beam as well as ion pulses…
Photovoltaic energy conversion in photovoltaic cells has been analyzed by the detailed balance approach or by thermodynamic arguments. Here we introduce a network representation to analyze the performance of such systems once a suitable…
The photovoltaic reciprocity theory relates the electroluminescence spectrum of a solar cell under applied bias to the external photovoltaic quantum efficiency of the device as measured at short circuit conditions. Its derivation is based…
We develop a new approach to calculate the obtainable limit of photoconversion efficiency of tandem solar cells (SCs) and applied it to SCs with both vertical and lateral designs at AM0 and AM1.5 conditions. To get the maximum efficiency,…
We performed temperature dependent transient photovoltage and photocurrent measurements on poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methylester bulk heterojuction solar cells. We found a strongly charge carrier concentration and…
We demonstrate for the first time that impact ionization (II) [the inverse of Auger recombination (AR)] occurs with very high efficiency in semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs). Interband optical excitation of PbSe NCs at low pump intensities,…
Unintentional doping of the active layer is a source for lowered device performance in organic solar cells. The effect of doping is to induce a space-charge region within the active layer, generally resulting in increased recombination…
Electron Multiplying CCDs (EMCCDs) are used much less often than they might be because of the challenges they offer camera designers more comfortable with the design of slow-scan detector systems. However they offer an entirely new range of…
Electric fields arising from the distribution of charge in metal halide perovskite solar cells are critical for understanding the many weird and wonderful optoelectronic properties displayed by these devices. Mobile ionic defects are…
A fundamental issue that limits the efficiency of many photoelectrochemical systems is that the photon absorption length is typically much longer than the electron diffusion length. Various photon management schemes have been developed to…
Electron beam probe (EBP) is a new principle detector, which makes use of a low-intensity and low-energy electron beam to measure the transverse profile, bunch shape, beam neutralization and beam wake field of an intense beam with small…
The importance of considering near-field effects on photon recycling and spontaneous emission in a thermophotovoltaic device is investigated. Fluctuational electrodynamics is used to calculate external luminescence from a photovoltaic cell…