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As physics searches for invariants in observations, this paper looks for invariants of probabilistic observation without assuming physical structure. Structure emerges from the basic assumption of science that new information shall lead to…
The fundamental physical theories that interpret and explain behaviour of matter in nature are dependent on several unobservables and insensibles in their construction. While a rigorous natural philosophy cannot take them for granted, there…
The article contains a review and new results of some mathematical models relevant to the interpretation of quantum mechanics and emulating well-known quantum gauge theories, such as scalar electrodynamics (Klein-Gordon-Maxwell…
In this conceptual paper we construct a local version of Shape Dynamics that is equivalent to General Relativity in the sense that the algebras of Dirac observables weakly coincide. This allows us to identify Shape Dynamics observables with…
The reader surely knows what particles physics is about: finding building blocks of nature that appear elementary at a given time and study their interactions - so why in the world this essay? The problem is how to arrive at a fundamental…
The formal properties of the recently derived set of linearly independent invariant amplitudes for the electromagnetic production of a pseudoscalar particle from a spin-one particle have been further exploited. The crossing properties are…
Last year I talked at this meeting about a possible time dependence of the QCD coupling constant $\alpha_s$. This year I shall look into the problem once more, without fully repeating the arguments given last year. Astrophysical indications…
A review is given of recent work aimed at constructing a quantum theory of cosmology in which all observables refer to information measurable by observers inside the universe. At the classical level the algebra of observables should be…
The weakly coupled vacuum of $E_8\otimes E_8$ heterotic string theory remains an attractive scenario for phenomenolgy and cosmology. The particle spectrum is reviewed and the issues of gauge coupling unification, dilaton stabilization and…
The recent evidence for a cosmological evolution of the fine structure constant \alpha=e^2/\hbar c found from an analysis of absorption systems in the spectra of distant quasars, is modelled by a cosmological scenario in which it is assumed…
The invariance of physical observables under redefinitions of the quantum fields is a well-known and important property of quantum field theory. We study perturbative field redefinitions in effective theories, paying special attention to…
We demonstrate that temporal observables, which are sensitive to a system's history (as opposed to its state), implicate entangled histories. We exemplify protocols for measuring such observables, and algorithms for predicting the…
A scenario with two subsequent periods of inflationary expansion in the very early universe is examined. The model is based on a potential motivated by symmetries being found in field theory at high energy. For various parameter sets of the…
The work lays the foundations of the theory of changeable sets. In author opinion, this theory, in the process of it's development and improvement, can become one of the tools of solving the sixth Hilbert problem least for physics of…
This paper argues that the physics of condensed matter cannot be fully reduced to the supposedly fundamental quantum mechanical theory for all the atoms of which the system consists. In fact, there are many reasons to reject the idea that…
Predicting signatures of string theory on cosmological observables is not sufficient. Often the observable effects string theory may impact upon the cosmological arena may equally be predicted by features of inflationary physics. The…
The theory of operads (May, cyclic, modular, PROPs, etc) is extended to include higher dimensional phenomena, i.e. operations between operations, mimicking the algebraic structure on varieties of arbitrary dimensions, having marked…
The mathematical content of the interaction term of quantum electrodynamics is examined under the following assumption: It is presumed that the apparent degrees-of-freedom of the photon field reflect the kinematical degrees-of-freedom of…
Majorana's arbitrary spin theory is considered in a hyperbolic complex representation. The underlying differential equation is embedded into the gauge field theories of Sachs and Carmeli. In particular, the approach of Sachs can serve as a…
In the hope of avoiding model dependence of the cosmological observables, phenomenological parametrizations of Cosmic Inflation have recently been proposed. Typically, they are expressed in terms of two parameters associated with an…