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We review the theoretical and experimental progress in the Glauber model of multiple nucleon and/or parton scatterings, after the last 10--15 years of operation with proton and nuclear beams at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-15 David d'Enterria , Constantin Loizides

Complex fission phenomena are studied in a unified way. Very general reflection asymmetrical equilibrium (saddle point) nuclear shapes are obtained by solving an integro-differential equation without being necessary to specify a certain…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 D. N. Poenaru , R. A. Gherghescu , W. Greiner

We show, under general assumptions which are well satisfied in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, that the geometric relation of centrality c to the impact parameter b, namely c ~ pi b^2/sigma_inel, holds to a very high accuracy for all but…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 W. Broniowski , W. Florkowski

I review recent measurements of a large set of flow observables associated with event-shape fluctuations and collective expansion in heavy ion collisions. First, these flow observables are classified and experiment methods are introduced.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-22 Jiangyong Jia

In this talk the status and open questions of the phenomenological description of all the stages of a heavy ion reaction are highlighted. Special emphasis is put on event-by-event fluctuations and associated observables. The first part is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 Hannah Petersen

An extensive analysis of individual high multiplicity events produced in 158 A GeV /c 208Pb- 208Pb collisions is carried by adopting different methods to examine the anomalous behavior of these rare events. A method of selecting the events…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-12-02 Shakeel Ahmad , Anuj Chandra , Ashwini Kumar , O. S. K. Chaturvedi , A. Ahmad , M. Zafar , M. Irfan , B. K. Singh

Transverse spherocity, an event shape observable, has a very unique capability to separate the events based on their geometrical shape, i.e. jetty and isotropic. In this work, we use transverse spherocity for the first time in heavy-ion…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-01-22 Neelkamal Mallick , Sushanta Tripathy , Raghunath Sahoo , Antonio Ortiz

Jet reconstruction in an ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collision suffers from a notoriously large, fluctuating thermal background. Traditional background subtraction methods struggle to remove this soft background while preserving the jet's…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-16 Umar Sohail Qureshi , Raghav Kunnawalkam Elayavalli

In this article, we briefly review recent progress on hydrodynamic modeling and its implementations to relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. The related topics include: 1) initial state fluctuations, final state…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-01-03 Huichao Song

Centrality dependence of charged particles multiplicity, transverse momentum spectra, integrated and differential elliptic flow, in $\sqrt{s}_{NN}$=200 GeV Au+Au collisions are analyzed using event by event ideal hydrodynamics. Monte-Carlo…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-04-03 A. K. Chaudhuri , Md. Rihan Haque , Victor Roy , Bedangadas Mohanty

Systems with different interactions could develop the same critical behaviour due to the underlying symmetry and universality. Using this principle of universality, we can embed critical correlations modeled on the 3D Ising model into the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-03-11 Yige Huang , Long-Gang Pang , Xiaofeng Luo , Xin-Nian Wang

The Glauber model is a widely used framework for describing the initial conditions in high-energy nuclear collisions. TGlauberMC is a Monte Carlo implementation of this model that enables detailed, event-by-event calculations across various…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-02-05 Constantin Loizides

There are many cases in collider physics and elsewhere where a calibration dataset is used to predict the known physics and / or noise of a target region of phase space. This calibration dataset usually cannot be used out-of-the-box but…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-12-14 Radha Mastandrea , Benjamin Nachman

Observables from nuclear and high-energy experiments can be degraded by detector performance and/or methodology in extracting the observables, such as of the final-state characteristics of heavy-ion collisions in relation to a coarsely…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-03-14 Pawel Danielewicz , Mizuki Kurata-Nishimura

An open question in the field of heavy-ion collisions is to what extent the size of initial inhomogeneities in the system affects measured observables. Here we present a method to smooth out these inhomogeneities with minimal effect on…

The jet quenching phenomenon in heavy ion collisions provides a strong evidence of the modification of parton shower in the quark-gluon plasma. This contribution focuses on the hard probes of QGP using jets and summarizes the new…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-20 Yang-Ting Chien

We propose Kolmogorov-Smirnov test as a means for recognising event-by-event fluctuations of rapidity distributions in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Such fluctuations may be induced by the spinodal decomposition of the rapidly…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-12-03 B. Tomasik , I. Melo , M. Gintner , S. Korony

Jet reconstruction in heavy-ion collisions is strongly affected by soft background from the underlying event. For an appropriate interpretation of the jet observables it is essential to understand the influence of the background and its…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Bastian Bathen

In this paper heavy quark energy loss models are embedded in full event-by-event viscous hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the nuclear suppression factor and azimuthal anisotropy of D$^0$ mesons in PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV in the…

We present a systematic study of $\Lambda$ hyperon's polarization observables using event-by-event (3+1)D relativistic hydrodynamics. The effects of initial hot spot size and QGP's specific shear viscosity on the polarization observables…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-07-27 Sahr Alzhrani , Sangwook Ryu , Chun Shen