Related papers: Trapped surfaces in vacuum arising dynamically fro…
We present a new, fully anisotropic, criterion for formation of trapped surfaces in vacuum. More precisely we provide conditions on null data, concentrated in a neighborhood of a short null geodesic segment (possibly flat everywhere else)…
In a recent important breakthrough D. Christodoulou has solved a long standing problem of General Relativity of evolutionary formation of trapped surfaces in the Einstein-vacuum space-times. He has identified an open set of regular initial…
Given spherically symmetric characteristic initial data for the Einstein-scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant, we provide a criterion, in terms of the dimensionless size and dimensionless renormalized mass content of an…
This is a follow up on our previous work in which we have presented a modified, simpler version of the remarkable recent result of Christodoulou on the formation of trapped surfaces. In this paper we prove two related results. First we…
We revisit the classical results of the formation of trapped surfaces for the Einstein vacuum equation relying on the geodesic foliation, rather than the double null foliation used in all previous results, starting with the seminal work of…
In this study we show that, from arbitrarily dispersed initial data, both the concentration of electromagnetic fields and the focusing of gravitational waves could lead to the formation of trapped surfaces. We establish a scale-critical…
We consider the formation of trapped surfaces in the evolution of the Einstein-scalar field system without symmetries. To this end, we follow An's strategy to analyse the formation of trapped surfaces in vacuum and for the Einstein-Maxwell…
In this paper, under spherical symmetry we prove a trapped surface formation criterion for the Einstein-Maxwell-charged scalar field system. We generalize an approach introduced by Christodoulou for studying the Einstein-scalar field. In…
We study the evolution of a self-gravitating compressible fluid in spherical symmetry and we prove the existence of weak solutions with bounded variation for the Einstein-Euler equations of general relativity. We formulate the initial value…
We consider the spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat, non-vacuum Einstein equations, using as matter model a collisionless gas as described by the Vlasov equation. We find explicit conditions on the initial data which guarantee the…
Consider spherically symmetric initial data for a cosmology which, in the large, approximates an open $k = -1 ,\Lambda = 0$ Friedmann-Lema{\^\i}tre universe. Further assume that the data is chosen so that the trace of the extrinsic…
This article gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the formation of trapped surfaces in spherically symmetric initial data defined on a closed manifold. Such trapped surfaces surround a region in which there occurs an enhancement of…
We investigate the formation of trapped surfaces in cosmological spacetimes, using constant mean curvature slicing. Quantitative criteria for the formation of trapped surfaces demonstrate that cosmological regions enclosed by trapped…
In this paper, we prove a scale-critical trapped surface formation result for the Einstein--Maxwell--charged scalar field (EMCSF) system, without any symmetry assumptions. Specifically, we establish a scale-critical semi-global existence…
Trapped surface formation in general relativity can be studied through a coupled set of nonlinear equations, where various terms can be neglected, as was proved by a rigorous mathematical analysis of Christodoulou. This paper is devoted to…
An earlier construction by the authors of sequences of globally regular, asymptotically flat initial data for the Einstein vacuum equations containing trapped surfaces for large values of the parameter is extended, from the time symmetric…
The emergence of trapped surfaces in solutions to the Einstein field equations is intimately tied to the well-posedness properties of the corresponding Cauchy problem in the low regularity regime. In this paper, we study the question of…
This paper contains a new proof of the formation of trapped spheres, in vacuum spacetimes, by the focusing of gravitational waves, from generic data. The first such result was obtained by Christodoulou [Chr]. We exploit the same physical…
Eight different refinements of trapped surfaces are proposed, of three basic types, each intended as potential stability conditions. Minimal trapped surfaces are strictly minimal with respect to the dual expansion vector. Outer trapped…
We continue the investigation of formation of trapped surfaces in strongly curved , conformally flat geometries. Initial data in quasi-polar gauges rather then maximal ones are considered. This implies that apparent horizons coincide with…