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Timing aspects in formalisms with explicit resources and parallelism are investigated, and it is presented a formal link between timed membrane systems and timed Petri nets with localities. For both formalisms, timing does not increase the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-07-07 Bogdan Aman , Gabriel Ciobanu

Modern, inherently dynamic systems are usually characterized by a network structure, i.e. an underlying graph topology, which is subject to discrete changes over time. Given a static underlying graph $G$, a temporal graph can be represented…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Eleni C. Akrida , George B. Mertzios , Paul G. Spirakis , Viktor Zamaraev

While a natural fit for modeling and understanding mobile networks, time-varying graphs remain poorly understood. Indeed, many of the usual concepts of static graphs have no obvious counterpart in time-varying ones. In this paper, we…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-08-01 John Whitbeck , Marcelo Dias de Amorim , Vania Conan , Jean-Loup Guillaume

The reachability semantics for Petri nets can be studied using open Petri nets. For us an "open" Petri net is one with certain places designated as inputs and outputs via a cospan of sets. We can compose open Petri nets by gluing the…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-26 John C. Baez , Jade Master

We introduce immediate observation Petri nets, a class of interest in the study of population protocols (a model of distributed computation), and enzymatic chemical networks. In these areas, relevant analysis questions translate into…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Javier Esparza , Mikhail Raskin , Chana Weil-Kennedy

Imagery is frequently used to model, represent and communicate knowledge. In particular, graphs are one of the most powerful tools, being able to represent relations between objects. Causal relations are frequently represented by directed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Alejandro Sobrino , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchan , Cristina Puente

Pairwise temporal interactions between entities can be represented as temporal networks, which code the propagation of processes such as epidemic spreading or information cascades, evolving on top of them. The largest outcome of these…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Rémi Vaudaine , Pierre Borgnat , Paulo Goncalves , Rémi Gribonval , Márton Karsai

A temporal graph is a graph whose edges only appear at certain points in time. Reachability in these graphs is defined in terms of paths that traverse the edges in chronological order (temporal paths). This form of reachability is neither…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Arnaud Casteigts , Nils Morawietz , Petra Wolf

Petri nets provide accurate analogues to chemical reaction networks, with places representing individual molecules (the resources of the system) and transitions representing chemical reactions which convert educt molecules into product…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Addie Jordon , Juri Kolčák , Daniel Merkle

Temporal networks, i.e., networks in which the interactions among a set of elementary units change over time, can be modelled in terms of time-varying graphs, which are time-ordered sequences of graphs over a set of nodes. In such graphs,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-06-04 Vincenzo Nicosia , John Tang , Cecilia Mascolo , Mirco Musolesi , Giovanni Russo , Vito Latora

Place/transition Petri nets are a standard model for a class of distributed systems whose reachability spaces might be infinite. One of well-studied topics is the verification of safety and liveness properties in this model; despite the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Petr Jancar

We consider the verification of parameterized networks of replicated processes whose architecture is described by hyperedge-replacement graph grammars. Due to the undecidability of verification problems such as reachability or coverability…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Marius Bozga , Radu Iosif , Arnaud Sangnier , Neven Villani

Supply chains involve geographically distributed manufacturing and assembly sites that must be coordinated under strict timing and resource constraints. While many existing approaches rely on Colored Petri Nets to model material flows, this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Eric Lubat , Pierre-Emmanuel Hladik , Yoann Mateu , Rémi Sauvère

Transitivity, the existence of periodic points and positive topological entropy can be used to characterize complexity in dynamical systems. It is known that for graphs that are not trees, for every $\varepsilon>0,$ there exist (complicate)…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-07-05 Lluís Alsedà , Liane Bordignon , Jorge Groisman

We study the temporal percolation properties of temporal networks by taking as a representative example the recently proposed activity driven network model [N. Perra et al., Sci. Rep. 2, 469 (2012)]. Building upon an analytical framework…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-18 Michele Starnini , Romualdo Pastor Satorras

Temporal networks are such networks where nodes and interactions may appear and disappear at various time scales. With the evidence of ubiquity of temporal networks in our economy, nature and society, it's urgent and significant to focus on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-01-15 Yujian Pan , Xiang Li

In this paper we introduce the notion of spread net. Spread nets are (safe) Petri nets equipped with vector clocks on places and with ticking functions on transitions, and are such that vector clocks are consistent with the ticking of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Eric Fabre , G. Michele Pinna

Temporal graphs are graphs whose topology is subject to discrete changes over time. Given a static underlying graph $G$, a temporal graph is represented by assigning a set of integer time-labels to every edge $e$ of $G$, indicating the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-09-30 George B. Mertzios , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Viktor Zamaraev , Philipp Zschoche

We study how we can accelerate the spreading of information in temporal graphs via shifting operations; a problem that captures real-world applications varying from information flows to distribution schedules. In a temporal graph there is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Argyrios Deligkas , Eduard Eiben , George Skretas

A temporal graph is a graph in which vertices communicate with each other at specific time, e.g., $A$ calls $B$ at 11 a.m. and talks for 7 minutes, which is modeled by an edge from $A$ to $B$ with starting time "11 a.m." and duration "7…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-01-26 Huanhuan Wu , Yuzhen Huang , James Cheng , Jinfeng Li , Yiping Ke