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A record of a rooted Cayley tree is a node whose label is the largest along the unique path to the root. In this work, we find elegant functional equations relating the generating functions for records of rooted Cayley trees and for records…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Adrián Lillo , Mercedes Rosas , Stefan Trandafir

We use reinforcement learning to learn tree-structured neural networks for computing representations of natural language sentences. In contrast with prior work on tree-structured models in which the trees are either provided as input or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Dani Yogatama , Phil Blunsom , Chris Dyer , Edward Grefenstette , Wang Ling

Dynamic regression trees are an attractive option for automatic regression and classification with complicated response surfaces in on-line application settings. We create a sequential tree model whose state changes in time with the…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-11-23 Matthew A. Taddy , Robert B. Gramacy , Nicholas G. Polson

We explore the relationship between polynomial functors and (rooted) trees. In the first part we use polynomial functors to derive a new convenient formalism for trees, and obtain a natural and conceptual construction of the category…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-15 Joachim Kock

Phylogenetic trees are a central tool in understanding evolution. They are typically inferred from sequence data, and capture evolutionary relationships through time. It is essential to be able to compare trees from different data sources…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-10-31 Michelle Kendall , Caroline Colijn

The time process of transport on randomly evolving trees is investigated. By introducing the notions of living and dead nodes a model of random tree evolution is constructed which describes the spreading in time of objects corresponding to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. Pal

We consider both analytically and numerically creation conditions of diverse hierarchical trees. A connection between the probabilities to create hierarchical levels and the probability to associate these levels into united structure is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-07-01 A I Olemskoi , S S Borysov , I A Shuda

We study the growth of a time-ordered rooted tree by probabilistic attachment of new vertices to leaves. We construct a likelihood function of the leaves based on the connectivity of the tree. We take such connectivity to be induced by the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Nomvelo Sibisi

We analyze a class of spatial random spanning trees built on a realization of a homogeneous Poisson point process of the plane. This tree has a simple radial structure with the origin as its root. We first use stochastic geometry arguments…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Francois Baccelli , Charles Bordenave

We prove a new formula for the generating function of multitype Cayley trees counted according to their degree distribution. Using this formula we recover and extend several enumerative results about trees. In particular, we extend some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-08 Olivier Bernardi , Alejandro H. Morales

An evolutionary tree is a cascade of bifurcations starting from a single common root, generating a growing set of daughter species as time goes by. Species here is a general denomination for biological species, spoken languages or any other…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2013-08-26 Paulo Murilo Castro de Oliveira

Since they became observable, neuron morphologies have been informally compared with biological trees but they are studied by distinct communities, neuroscientists, and ecologists. The apparent structural similarity suggests there may be…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-06 Roozbeh Farhoodi , Phil Wilkes , Anirudh M. Natarajan , Samantha Ing-Esteves , Julie L. Lefebvre , Mathias Disney , Konrad P. Kording

We introduce an alternative coordinate system based on derivative polar and spherical coordinate functions and construct a root-to-canopy analytic formulation for tree fractals. We develop smooth tree fractals and demonstrate the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-01-09 Henk Mulder

This paper describes a generalization of previous methods for constructing tree-structured belief network with hidden variables. The major new feature of the described method is the ability to produce a tree decomposition even when there…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 L. Liu , Y. Ma , D. Wilkins , Z. Bian , X. Ying

Based on decision trees, many fields have arguably made tremendous progress in recent years. In simple words, decision trees use the strategy of "divide-and-conquer" to divide the complex problem on the dependency between input features and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Jinxiong Zhang

In this paper, we propose DeepTree, a novel method for modeling trees based on learning developmental rules for branching structures instead of manually defining them. We call our deep neural model situated latent because its behavior is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Xiaochen Zhou , Bosheng Li , Bedrich Benes , Songlin Fei , Sören Pirk

This thesis is an exposition of the author's contribution on effective descent morphisms in various categories of generalized categorical structures. It consists of: Chapter 1, where an elementary description of descent theory and the…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Rui Prezado

In this work a composition-decomposition technique is presented that correlates tree eigenvectors with certain eigenvectors of an associated so-called skeleton forest. In particular, the matching properties of a skeleton determine the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-21 Torsten Sander , Jürgen W. Sander

Topological phylogenetic trees can be assigned edge weights in several natural ways, highlighting different aspects of the tree. Here the rooted triple and quartet metrizations are introduced, and applied to formulate novel fast methods of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-05-15 John A. Rhodes

Humans recognize object structure from both their appearance and motion; often, motion helps to resolve ambiguities in object structure that arise when we observe object appearance only. There are particular scenarios, however, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Tianfan Xue , Jiajun Wu , Zhoutong Zhang , Chengkai Zhang , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , William T. Freeman