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In this work we consider quantum electromagnetic fields in an expanding universe. We start by reviewing the difficulties found when trying to impose the Lorenz condition in a time-dependent geometry. Motivated by this fact, we explore the…
Considering two static, electrically charged, elementary particles, we demonstrate a possible way of proving that all known fundamental forces in the nature are the manifestations of the single, unique interaction. We re-define the gauging…
We show that the known expressions for the force on a point-like dipole are incompatible with the relativistic transformation of force, and in this respect we apply the Lagrangian approach to the derivation of the correct equation for force…
We present equations of motion for charged particles using balanced equations, and without introducing explicitly divergent quantities. This derivation contains as particular cases some well known equations of motion, as the Lorentz-Dirac…
There are three electromagnetic integrals of motion that can be interpreted as the energy. These are the background energy, the elastic energy and the integral in the torsion field commonly referred to as the energy of the electromagnetic…
Electromagnetic field (EMF) is the most fundamental field in condensed-matter physics. Interaction between electrons, electron-ion interaction, and ion-ion interaction are all of the electromagnetic origin, while the other 3 fundamental…
In a continuum setting, the energy-momentum tensor embodies the relations between conservation of energy, conservation of linear momentum, and conservation of angular momentum. The well-defined total energy and the well-defined total…
The Schr\"odinger-Pauli theory of electrons in the presence of a static electromagnetic field can be described from the perspective of the individual electron via its equation of motion or `Quantal Newtonian' first law. The law is in terms…
We provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of the of the Lorentz force equation, which models the motion of a charged particle under the action of an electromagnetic fields. The basic assumptions cover relevant…
This paper inspects more closely the problem of the momentum and energy of a bound (non-radiating) electromagnetic (EM) field. It has been shown that for an isolated system of non-relativistic mechanically free charged particles a…
It is recently discovered that the usual transformations of the three-dimensional (3D) vectors of the electric and magnetic fields differ from the Lorentz transformations (LT) (boosts) of the corresponding 4D quantities that represent the…
A derivation of the electric field intensity and of the magnetic induction generated by a uniformly moving point charge is presented. The derivation is in accordance with the fact that the electric and magnetic fields of moving charge are…
A motion of a classical free charge in an electromagnetic plane wave can be found exactly in a fully relativistic case. We have found an approximate non-parameter form of the suitable equations of motion. In a linearly polarized wave, in…
In this work, we have considered the magnetic universe in non-linear electrodynamics. The Einstein's field equations for non-flat FRW model have been considered when the universe is filled with the matter and magnetic field only. We have…
The Schr\"odinger theory of electrons in an external electromagnetic field can be described from the perspective of the individual electron via the `Quantal Newtonian' laws (or differential virial theorems). These laws are in terms of…
A cornerstone of physics, Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, apparently contains a fatal flaw. The standard expressions for the electromagnetic field energy and self-mass of an electron of finite extension do not obey Einstein's famous…
In a recent paper [arXiv:1205.0096], we questioned the validity of the Lorentz law of force in the presence of material media that contain electric and/or magnetic dipoles. A number of authors have criticized our methods and conclusions.…
The coupled equations that describe the effect of large-scale magnetic and velocity fields on forced high-diffusivity magnetohydrodynamic flows are investigated through an extension of mean field electrodynamics. Our results generalise…
The momentum of light inside ponderable media has an electromagnetic part and a mechanical part. The local and instantaneous density of the electromagnetic part of the momentum is given by the Poynting vector divided by the square of the…
From the principle of maximum entropy for a closed system in thermal equilibrium, for the first instance a clear relation is shown to exist between total entropy S (in terms of arrangements of particles) and the classical expression for the…