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A 4-regular planar graph $G$ is said to be circle representable if there exists a collection of circles drawn on the plane such that the touching and crossing points correspond to the vertices of $G$, and the circular arcs between those…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-14 Jane Tan

We introduce and study a new graph representation where vertices are embedded in three or more dimensions, and in which the edges are drawn on the projections onto the axis-parallel planes. We show that the complete graph on $n$ vertices…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-10-06 N. R. Aravind , Udit Maniyar

The representation number of a graph is the minimum number of copies of each vertex required to represent the graph as a word, such that the letters corresponding to vertices $x$ and $y$ alternate if and only if $xy$ is an edge in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Nawaf Shafi Alshammari , Sergey Kitaev , Artem Pyatkin

In a {\em grounded string representation} of a graph there is a horizontal line $\ell$ and each vertex is represented as a simple curve below $\ell$ with one end point on $\ell$ such that two curves intersect if and only if the respective…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sabine Cornelsen , Jan Kratochvíl , Miriam Münch , Giacomo Ortali , Alexandra Weinberger , Alexander Wolff

A graph is path-pairable if for any pairing of its vertices there exist edge-disjoint paths joining the vertices in each pair. We investigate the behaviour of the maximum degree in path-pairable planar graphs. We show that any $n$-vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-18 António Girão , Gábor Mészáros , Kamil Popielarz , Richard Snyder

A square-contact representation of a planar graph $G=(V,E)$ maps vertices in $V$ to interior-disjoint axis-aligned squares in the plane and edges in $E$ to adjacencies between the sides of the corresponding squares. In this paper, we study…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Giordano Da Lozzo , William E. Devanny , David Eppstein , Timothy Johnson

The visual complexity of a graph drawing can be measured by the number of geometric objects used for the representation of its elements. In this paper, we study planar graph drawings where edges are represented by few segments. In such a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Philipp Kindermann , Tamara Mchedlidze , Thomas Schneck , Antonios Symvonis

In a representation of a graph $G$ as an edge intersection graph of paths on a grid (EPG) every vertex of $G$ is represented by a path on a grid and two paths share a grid edge iff the corresponding vertices are adjacent. In a monotonic EPG…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Eranda Cela , Elisabeth Gaar

A grid drawing of a graph maps vertices to grid points and edges to line segments that avoid grid points representing other vertices. We show that there is a number of grid points that some line segment of an arbitrary grid drawing must…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-03 Martin Balko

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is called 1-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. In this paper, we study bipartite $1$-planar graphs with prescribed numbers of vertices in partite sets. Bipartite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-05 Július Czap , Jakub Przybyło , Erika Škrabuľáková

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed at most once. However, there are 1-planar graphs which do not admit a straight-line 1-planar drawing. We show that every 1-planar graph has a straight-line…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Franz J. Brandenburg

In an EPG-representation of a graph $G$ each vertex is represented by a path in the rectangular grid, and $(v,w)$ is an edge in $G$ if and only if the paths representing $v$ an $w$ share a grid-edge. Requiring paths representing edges to be…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Therese Biedl , Martin Derka , Vida Dujmovic , Pat Morin

Let $c\in (0, 1]$ be a real number and let $n$ be a sufficiently large integer. We prove that every $n$-vertex $c n$-regular graph $G$ contains a collection of $\lfloor 1/c \rfloor$ paths whose union covers all but at most $o(n)$ vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-22 Jie Han

We study contact representations for graphs, which we call pixel representations in 2D and voxel representations in 3D. Our representations are based on the unit square grid whose cells we call pixels in 2D and voxels in 3D. Two pixels are…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-07-07 Muhammad Jawaherul Alam , Thomas Bläsius , Ignaz Rutter , Torsten Ueckerdt , Alexander Wolff

We study a variant of intersection representations with unit balls, that is, unit disks in the plane and unit intervals on the line. Given a planar graph and a bipartition of the edges of the graph into near and far sets, the goal is to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-09-01 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Stephen G. Kobourov , Sergey Pupyrev , Jackson Toeniskoetter

A graph drawn on the plane is called $1$-plane if each edge is crossed at most once by another edge. In this paper, we show that every $4$-connected $1$-plane graph has a connected spanning plane subgraph. We also show that there exist…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Kenta Noguchi , Katsuhiro Ota , Yusuke Suzuki

A graph is called 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that each of its edges is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper we decompose the set of all 1-planar graphs into three classes $\mathcal C_0, \mathcal C_1$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-16 Július Czap , Peter Šugerek

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one another edge. In this work we prove that each 1-planar graph of minimum degree at least $3$ contains an edge with degrees of its endvertices of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Bei Niu , Xin Zhang

In 1979, Nishizeki and Baybars showed that every planar graph with minimum degree 3 has a matching of size $\frac{n}{3}+c$ (where the constant $c$ depends on the connectivity), and even better bounds hold for planar graphs with minimum…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Therese Biedl , John Wittnebel

Planar partial $3$-trees are subgraphs of those planar graphs obtained by repeatedly inserting a vertex of degree $3$ into a face. In this paper, we show that planar partial $3$-trees have $1$-string $B_1$-VPG representations, i.e.,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-06-25 Therese Biedl , Martin Derka