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Related papers: Lempel-Ziv Factorization May Be Harder Than Comput…

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Based on the Breslauer-Italiano online suffix tree construction algorithm (2013) with double logarithmic worst-case guarantees on the update time per letter, we develop near-real-time algorithms for several classical problems on strings,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Dominik Köppl , Gregory Kucherov

We consider the problem of decompressing the Lempel--Ziv 77 representation of a string $S$ of length $n$ using a working space as close as possible to the size $z$ of the input. The folklore solution for the problem runs in $O(n)$ time but…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Philip Bille , Mikko Berggren Ettienne , Travis Gagie , Inge Li Gørtz , Nicola Prezza

We propose algorithms computing the semi-greedy Lempel-Ziv 78 (LZ78), the Lempel-Ziv Double (LZD), and the Lempel-Ziv-Miller-Wegman (LZMW) factorizations in linear time for integer alphabets. For LZD and LZMW, we additionally propose data…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Dominik Köppl

Lempel-Ziv is an easy-to-compute member of a wide family of so-called macro schemes; it restricts pointers to go in one direction only. Optimal bidirectional macro schemes are NP-complete to find, but they may provide much better…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Luís M. S. Russo , Ana D. Correia , Gonzalo Navarro , Alexandre P. Francisco

The cornerstone of any algorithm computing all repetitions in a string of length n in O(n) time is the fact that the number of runs (or maximal repetitions) is O(n). We give a simple proof of this result. As a consequence of our approach,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-02-21 Maxime Crochemore , Lucian Ilie

Random sequences attain the highest entropy rate. The estimation of entropy rate for an ergodic source can be done using the Lempel Ziv complexity measure yet, the exact entropy rate value is only reached in the infinite limit. We prove…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2013-11-05 E. Estevez-Rams , R. Lora Serrano , B. Aragón Fernández , I. Brito Reyes

Computation on compressed strings is one of the key approaches to processing massive data sets. We consider local subsequence recognition problems on strings compressed by straight-line programs (SLP), which is closely related to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Alexander Tiskin

The problem of constructing optimal factoring automata arises in the context of unification factoring for the efficient execution of logic programs. Given an ordered set of $n$ strings of length $m$, the problem is to construct a trie-like…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Thomas Erlebach , Kleitos Papadopoulos

We raise the question of approximating the compressibility of a string with respect to a fixed compression scheme, in sublinear time. We study this question in detail for two popular lossless compression schemes: run-length encoding (RLE)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-06-11 Sofya Raskhodnikova , Dana Ron , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Adam Smith

The LZ-End parsing [Kreft & Navarro, 2011] of an input string yields compression competitive with the popular Lempel-Ziv 77 scheme, but also allows for efficient random access. Kempa and Kosolobov showed that the parsing can be computed in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Patrick Dinklage

Suffix arrays and LCP arrays are one of the most fundamental data structures widely used for various kinds of string processing. We consider two problems for a read-only string of length $N$ over an integer alphabet $[1, \dots, \sigma]$ for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Keisuke Goto

Mauer et al. [A Lempel-Ziv-style Compression Method for Repetitive Texts, PSC 2017] proposed a hybrid text compression method called LZ-LFS which has both features of Lempel-Ziv 77 factorization and longest first substitution. They showed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Akihiro Nishi , Yuto Nakashima , Shunsuke Inenaga , Hideo Bannai , Masayuki Takeda

Longest common extension queries (LCE queries) and runs are ubiquitous in algorithmic stringology. Linear-time algorithms computing runs and preprocessing for constant-time LCE queries have been known for over a decade. However, these…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-28 Maxime Crochemore , Costas S. Iliopoulos , Tomasz Kociumaka , Ritu Kundu , Solon P. Pissis , Jakub Radoszewski , Wojciech Rytter , Tomasz Waleń

Relative Lempel-Ziv (RLZ) parsing is a dictionary compression method in which a string $S$ is compressed relative to a second string $R$ (called the reference) by parsing $S$ into a sequence of substrings that occur in $R$. RLZ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Philip Bille , Inge Li Gørtz , Simon J. Puglisi , Simon R. Tarnow

A maximal repetition, or run, in a string, is a maximal periodic substring whose smallest period is at most half the length of the substring. In this paper, we consider runs that correspond to a path on a trie, or in other words, on a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Ryo Sugahara , Yuto Nakashima , Shunsuke Inenaga , Hideo Bannai , Masayuki Takeda

Shannon's entropy is a clear lower bound for statistical compression. The situation is not so well understood for dictionary-based compression. A plausible lower bound is $b$, the least number of phrases of a general bidirectional parse of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Gonzalo Navarro , Carlos Ochoa , Nicola Prezza

Squares (fragments of the form $xx$, for some string $x$) are arguably the most natural type of repetition in strings. The basic algorithmic question concerning squares is to check if a given string of length $n$ is square-free, that is,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Jonas Ellert , Paweł Gawrychowski , Garance Gourdel

Classically, the edit distance of two length-$n$ strings can be computed in $O(n^2)$ time, whereas an $O(n^{2-\epsilon})$-time procedure would falsify the Orthogonal Vectors Hypothesis. If the edit distance does not exceed $k$, the running…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Daniel Gibney , Ce Jin , Tomasz Kociumaka , Sharma V. Thankachan

Much research has been devoted to optimizing algorithms of the Lempel-Ziv (LZ) 77 family, both in terms of speed and memory requirements. Binary search trees and suffix trees (ST) are data structures that have been often used for this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Artur Ferreira , Arlindo Oliveira , Mario Figueiredo

Lempel-Ziv (LZ77 or, briefly, LZ) is one of the most effective and widely-used compressors for repetitive texts. However, the existing efficient methods computing the exact LZ parsing have to use linear or close to linear space to index the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Dmitry Kosolobov , Daniel Valenzuela , Gonzalo Navarro , Simon J. Puglisi