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We discuss the evolution of linear perturbations about a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background metric, using only the local conservation of energy-momentum. We show that on sufficiently large scales the curvature perturbation on spatial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 David Wands , Karim A. Malik , David H. Lyth , Andrew R. Liddle

The 1+3 covariant approach and the covariant gauge-invariant approach to perturbations are used to analyze in depth conformal transformations in cosmology. Such techniques allow us to obtain very interesting insights on the physical content…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Sante Carloni , Emilio Elizalde , Sergei Odintsov

A new time-dependent, scale-independent parameter, \varpi, is employed in a phenomenological model of the deviation from General Relativity in which the Newtonian and longitudinal gravitational potentials slip apart on cosmological scales…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Scott F. Daniel , Robert R. Caldwell , Asantha Cooray , Alessandro Melchiorri

We discuss the construction of cosmological models within the framework of Macroscopic Gravity (MG), which is a theory that models the effects of averaging the geometry of space-time on large scales. We find new exact spatially homogeneous…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Timothy Clifton , Alan Coley , Robert van den Hoogen

Theoretical and observational challenges to standard cosmology such as the cosmological constant problem and tensions between cosmological model parameters inferred from different observations motivate the development and search of new…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-30 Lucas Lombriser

It is shown that a first-order relativistic perturbation theory for the open, flat or closed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe admits one, and only one, gauge-invariant quantity which describes the perturbation to the energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-25 P. G. Miedema

We present a model of non-relativistic gravitational theory which is power-counting renormalizable in 3+1 dimensional spacetime. When applied to cosmology, the relativity-violation terms lead to a dark radiation component, which can give…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-13 Yi-Fu Cai , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

We discuss models of primordial density perturbations where the non-Gaussianity is strongly scale-dependent. In particular, the non-Gaussianity may have a sharp cut-off and be very suppressed on large cosmological scales, but sizeable on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-18 Antonio Riotto , Martin S. Sloth

Non-linear nature of Einstein equation introduces genuine relativistic higher order corrections to the usual Newtonian fluid equations describing the evolution of cosmological perturbations. We study the effect of such novel non-linearities…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Donghui Jeong , Jinn-Ouk Gong , Hyerim Noh , Jai-chan Hwang

A survey is made of the present observational status on cosmological parameters from microwave background anisotropies. I then move to some non-standard aspect of parameter extraction like quintessence, extra-background of relativistic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alessandro Melchiorri

Numerical N-body simulations of large scale structure formation in the universe are based on Newtonian gravity. However, according to our current understanding, the most correct theory of gravity is general relativity. It is therefore…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-27 Ugo Bertello

We consider a new variant of cosmological perturbation theory that has been designed specifically to include non-linear density contrasts on scales 100 Mpc, while still allowing for linear fluctuations on larger scales. This theory is used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-08 Christopher S. Gallagher , Timothy Clifton

Cosmology in extended theories of gravity is considered assuming the Palatini variational principle, for which the metric and connection are independent variables. The field equations are derived to linear order in perturbations about the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Tomi Koivisto , Hannu Kurki-Suonio

A future detection of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) with GW experiments is expected to open a new window on early universe cosmology and on the astrophysics of compact objects. In this paper we study SGWB anisotropies,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 N. Bartolo , D. Bertacca , S. Matarrese , M. Peloso , A. Ricciardone , A. Riotto , G. Tasinato

In this paper we examine cosmological weak lensing on non-linear scales and show that there are Newtonian and relativistic contributions and that the latter can also be extracted from standard Newtonian simulations. We use the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-06 Daniel B. Thomas , Marco Bruni , David Wands

General relativity is exquisitely tested in strong-field regimes, yet its validity on cosmological scales remains largely unexplored. Upcoming wide and deep large-scale structure surveys will access the ultra-large, linear scales where…

Until now, it has been common to use Newton's gravity to study the non-linear clustering properties of the large-scale structures. Without confirmation from Einstein's theory, however, it has been unclear whether we can rely on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Hwang , H. Noh

We consider a test of the Copernican Principle through observations of the large-scale structures, and for this purpose we study the self-gravitating system in a relativistic huge void universe model which does not invoke the Copernican…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-14 Ryusuke Nishikawa , Ken-ichi Nakao , Chul-Moon Yoo

We present a nonlinear post-Friedmann framework for structure formation, generalizing to cosmology the weak-field (post-Minkowskian) approximation, unifying the treatment of small and large scales. We consider a universe filled with a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-06 Irene Milillo , Daniele Bertacca , Marco Bruni , Andrea Maselli

After recalling the conceptual foundations and the basic structure of general relativity, we review some of its main modern developments (apart from cosmology) : (i) the post-Newtonian limit and weak-field tests in the solar system, (ii)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 Thibault Damour