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We study the resources required to achieve universal quantum computing via the gate sets that provide the fundamental instructions from which quantum algorithms are built. While single-gate universal sets are known, they rely on precisely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Robin Kaarsgaard

We study ring of functions on the (classical and quantized) phase space of 2-dimensional BF theory with the gauge group $\mathrm{GL}_N$ coupled to a 1-dimensional quantum mechanics with global symmetry $\mathrm{GL}_K$. These functions are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-11-19 Seyed Faroogh Moosavian , Yehao Zhou

A decision diagram (DD) is a graph-like data structure for homomorphic compression of Boolean and pseudo-Boolean functions. Over the past decades, decision diagrams have been successfully applied to verification, linear algebra, stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Arend-Jan Quist , Tim Coopmans , Alfons Laarman

The term Clifford group was introduced in 1998 by D. Gottesmann in his investigation of quantum error-correcting codes. The simplest Clifford group in multiqubit quantum computation is generated by a restricted set of unitary Clifford gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-25 J. Tolar

A central concept in the theory of phase transitions beyond the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson paradigm is fractionalization: the formation of new quasiparticles that interact via emergent gauge fields. This concept has been extensively explored in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-04 David Jonas Moser , Lukas Janssen

We propose a general quantum circuit based on the swap test for measuring the quantity $\langle \psi_1 | A | \psi_2 \rangle$ of an arbitrary operator $A$ with respect to two quantum states $|\psi_{1,2}\rangle$. This quantity is frequently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-11 Ze-Hao Huang , Peng He , Li-Jun Lang , Shi-Liang Zhu

We construct quantum circuits which exactly encode the spectra of correlated electron models up to errors from rotation synthesis. By invoking these circuits as oracles within the recently introduced "qubitization" framework, one can use…

Stabiliser operations occupy a prominent role in fault-tolerant quantum computing. They are defined operationally: by the use of Clifford gates, Pauli measurements and classical control. These operations can be efficiently simulated on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Arne Heimendahl , Markus Heinrich , David Gross

In this paper, we show that the constant-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm for groups (Brachter & Schweitzer, LICS 2020) can be fruitfully used to improve parallel complexity upper bounds on isomorphism testing for several families of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Joshua A. Grochow , Michael Levet

Quantum circuit simulation is paramount to the verification and optimization of quantum algorithms, and considerable research efforts have been made towards efficient simulators. While circuits often contain high-level gates such as oracles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Adam Husted Kjelstrøm , Andreas Pavlogiannis , Jaco van de Pol

Let $n\geq 8$ be divisible by 4. The Clifford-cyclotomic gate set $\mathcal{G}_n$ is the universal gate set obtained by extending the Clifford gates with the $z$-rotation $T_n = \mathrm{diag}(1,\zeta_n)$, where $\zeta_n$ is a primitive…

In this paper, we give a complete study on the existence and non-existence of normalized solutions for Schr\"{o}dinger system with quadratic and cubic interactions. In the one dimension case, the energy functional is bounded from below on…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-08-24 Xiao Luo , Juncheng Wei , Xiaolong Yang , Maoding Zhen

Quantum circuit synthesis is the process in which an arbitrary unitary operation is decomposed into a sequence of gates from a universal set, typically one which a quantum computer can implement both efficiently and fault-tolerantly. As…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-17 Olivia Di Matteo , Michele Mosca

The Clifford group is a fundamental structure in quantum information with a wide variety of applications. We discuss the tensor representations of the $q$-qubit Clifford group, which is defined as the normalizer of the $q$-qubit Pauli group…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-17 Jonas Helsen , Joel J. Wallman , Stephanie Wehner

This work classifies stabilizer codes by the set of diagonal Clifford gates that can be implemented transversally on them. We show that, for any stabilizer code, its group of diagonal transversal Clifford gates on $\ell$ code blocks must be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Shival Dasu , Simon Burton

The development of a framework for quantifying "non-stabiliserness" of quantum operations is motivated by the magic state model of fault-tolerant quantum computation, and by the need to estimate classical simulation cost for noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-05 James R. Seddon , Earl T. Campbell

In this paper, we investigate how quantum architectures affect the efficiency of the execution of the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) and linear transformations, which are essential parts of the stabilizer/Clifford group circuits. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-11-15 D. Maslov

We investigate randomized benchmarking in a general setting with quantum gates that form a representation, not necessarily an irreducible one, of a finite group. We derive an estimate for the average fidelity, to which experimental data may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Daniel Stilck França , Anna-Lena Hashagen

Symmetries of finite Heisenberg groups represent an important tool for the study of deeper structure of finite-dimensional quantum mechanics. This short contribution presents extension of previous investigations to composite quantum systems…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-04-12 M. Korbelar , J. Tolar

We give a sound and complete equational theory for 3-qubit quantum circuits over the Toffoli-Hadamard gate set { X, CX, CCX, H }. That is, we introduce a collection of true equations among Toffoli-Hadamard circuits on three qubits that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Matthew Amy , Neil J. Ross , Scott Wesley