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This study examines the impact of positive and negative contrast polarities (i.e., light and dark modes) on the performance of younger adults and people in their late adulthood (PLA). In a crowdsourced study with 134 participants (69 below…
We investigate the effect of the proportional hazards assumption on prognostic and predictive models of the survival time of patients suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We theoretically compare the underlying model…
The phenomenon of brain drain, that is the emigration of highly skilled people, has many undesirable effects, particularly for developing countries. In this study, an agent-based model is developed to understand the dynamics of such…
Depression is a common yet serious mental disorder that affects millions of U.S. high schoolers every year. Still, accurate diagnosis and early detection remain significant challenges. In the field of public health, research shows that…
Causal effects are commonly defined as comparisons of the potential outcomes under treatment and control, but this definition is threatened by the possibility that the treatment or control condition is not well-defined, existing instead in…
The dynamics of strongly disordered systems becomes extremely slow or glassy at low temperatures, which results in a characteristic aging scenario. This means that the outcome of measurements strongly depends on the history of the system…
Driving is a key component of independence and quality of life for older adults. However, cognitive decline associated with conditions such as mild cognitive impairment and dementia can compromise driving safety and often lead to premature…
Applied analysts often use the differences-in-differences (DID) method to estimate the causal effect of policy interventions with observational data. The method is widely used, as the required before and after comparison of a treated and…
Evidence on the heat-mental health nexus remains mixed. I show that this can be partly explained by previous studies focusing solely on temperature while neglecting temperature-humidity interactions. Using a measure that considers both…
In recent years, the climate change research community has become highly interested in describing the anthropogenic influence on extreme weather events, commonly termed "event attribution." Limitations in the observational record and in…
Neurodiversity describes variation in brain function among people, including common conditions such as Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and dyslexia. While Software Engineering (SE) literature…
Guided Soft Actor-Critic (GSAC) distills knowledge from a privileged full-state teacher to a partial-observation student for autonomous driving, but uses a fixed distillation coefficient lambda regardless of the agent's uncertainty. We…
Dry eye disease (DED) affects approximately half of the United States population. DED is characterized by dryness on the corena surface due to a variety of causes. This study fills the spatiotemporal gaps in DED epidemiology by using Google…
The Southern Ocean (in the region 60-180$^\circ$E) south of the Indian Ocean, Australia, and the West Pacific is noted for the frequent occurrence and severity of its storms. These storms give rise to high-amplitude secondary microseisms…
Adaptive gradient methods such as Adam have gained extreme popularity due to their success in training complex neural networks and less sensitivity to hyperparameter tuning compared to SGD. However, it has been recently shown that Adam can…
Elite economics PhD programs aim to train graduate students for a lifetime of academic research. This paper asks how advising affects graduate students' post-PhD research productivity. Advising is highly concentrated: at the eight…
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are neurodevelopmental conditions which impact on a significant number of children and adults. Currently, the diagnosis of such disorders is done by experts…
Depression is a common mental disorder that causes people to experience depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth. Traditional clinical depression diagnosis methods are subjective and time consuming.…
COVID-19 poses disproportionate mental health consequences to the public during different phases of the pandemic. We use a computational approach to capture the specific aspects that trigger an online community's anxiety about the pandemic…
A clear linear correlation of covid-19 surge date with country latitude was observed last autumn 2020, but not with temperature, nor with humidity, pointing the seasonal vitamin D status decline as a contributor factor. Well vaccinated…