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We consider the Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE) in the context of global quantum quenches in XXZ Heisenberg spin chains. Embedding the GGE into the Quantum Transfer Matrix formalism we develop an iterative procedure to fix the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-15 Balázs Pozsgay

Unitary integrable models typically relax to a stationary Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE), but in experimental realizations dissipation often breaks integrability. In this work, we use the recently introduced time-dependent GGE (t-GGE)…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-07-15 Luca Lumia , Gianni Aupetit-Diallo , Jérôme Dubail , Mario Collura

Recent years have seen an enormously revived interest in the study of thermodynamic notions in the quantum regime. This applies both to the study of notions of work extraction in thermal machines in the quantum regime, as well as to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-28 M. Perarnau-Llobet , A. Riera , R. Gallego , H. Wilming , J. Eisert

After a quench, observables in an integrable system may not relax to the standard thermal values, but can relax to the ones predicted by the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE) [M. Rigol et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 050405 (2007)]. The GGE has…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-04-18 Amy C. Cassidy , Charles W. Clark , Marcos Rigol

We revisit the question of whether and how the steady states arising after non-equilibrium time evolution in integrable models (and in particular in the XXZ spin chain) can be described by the so-called Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE). It…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-11 B. Pozsgay , E. Vernier , M. A. Werner

Statistical equilibrium configurations are important in the physics of macroscopic systems with a large number of constituent degrees of freedom. They are expected to be crucial also in discrete quantum gravity, where dynamical spacetime…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-14 Isha Kotecha

Integrable quantum many-body systems are considered to equilibrate to generalized Gibbs ensembles (GGEs) characterized by the expectation values of integrals of motion. We study the dynamics of exactly solvable quadratic bosonic systems in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-08-15 Takaaki Monnai , Shohei Morodome , Kazuya Yuasa

Macroscopic thermodynamics, via the weak coupling approximation, assumes that the equi?librium properties of a system are not affected by interactions with its environment. However, this assumption may not hold for quantum systems, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Z. Abuali , F. H. Kamin , R. J. S. Afonso , D. O. Soares-Pinto , S. Salimi

We study the large time dynamics of a macroscopically large quantum systems under a sudden quench. We show that, first of all, for a generic system in the thermodynamic limit the Gibbs distribution correctly captures the large time dynamics…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-02-06 Victor Gurarie

We investigate the crossover of the entanglement entropy towards its thermal value in nearly integrable systems. We employ equation of motion techniques to study the entanglement dynamics in a lattice model of weakly interacting spinless…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-10 Bruno Bertini , Pasquale Calabrese

We investigate equilibration and generalized thermalization of the quantum Harmonic chain under local quantum quench. The quench action we consider is connecting two disjoint harmonic chains of different sizes and the system jumps between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 Sushruth Muralidharan , Kinjalk Lochan , S. Shankaranarayanan

When a parameter quench is performed in an isolated quantum system with a complete set of constants of motion, its out of equilibrium dynamics is considered to be well captured by the Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE), characterized by a set…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-02-23 Lorenzo Rossi , Fabrizio Dolcini , Fabio Cavaliere , Niccolò Traverso Ziani , Maura Sassetti , Fausto Rossi

The non-equilibrium steady states of integrable models are believed to be described by the Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE), which involves all local and quasi-local conserved charges of the model. In this work we investigate integrable…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-03-04 György Z. Fehér , Balázs Pozsgay

We investigate the impact of the boundary shape on the thermalization behavior of a confined system of classical hard disks at low packing fraction and thus in the gas regime. We use both analytical calculations and numerical simulations,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-25 Francesco Caravelli , Marc D. Vuffray

We prove two statements about the long time dynamics of integrable Hamiltonian systems. In classical mechanics, we prove the microcanonical version of the Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE) by mapping it to a known theorem and then extend it…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-12 Emil A. Yuzbashyan

The generalized Gibbs ensemble has been shown to be relevant in the relaxation of a completely integrable system subject to a quantum quench, in the sense that it accurately predicts the steady values of some physical variables. We proceed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-04-30 J. M. Zhang , F. C. Cui , Jiangping Hu

We consider the non-equilibrium dynamics of a gas of impenetrable bosons released from a harmonic trapping potential to a circle. The many body dynamics is solved analytically and the time dependence of all the physically relevant…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-08-28 Mario Collura , Spyros Sotiriadis , Pasquale Calabrese

Generalized thermalization is a process that occurs in integrable systems in which unitary dynamics, e.g., following a quantum quench, results in states in which observables after equilibration are described by generalized Gibbs ensembles…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-09-22 Yicheng Zhang , Lev Vidmar , Marcos Rigol

In many integrable models static (equal time) correlation functions of local observables after a quantum quench relax to stationary values, which are described by a generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE). Here we establish that the same holds…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-12-19 Fabian H. L. Essler , Stefano Evangelisti , Maurizio Fagotti

In many quantum quench experiments involving cold atom systems the post-quench system can be described by a quantum field theory of free scalars or fermions, typically in a box or in an external potential. We work with free scalars in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-29 Parijat Banerjee , Adwait Gaikwad , Anurag Kaushal , Gautam Mandal