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We review an inflationary scenario with the anisotropic expansion rate. An anisotropic inflationary universe can be realized by a vector field coupled with an inflaton, which can be regarded as a counter example to the cosmic no-hair…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Jiro Soda

We describe a scenario for inflation in the framework of non-critical string theory, which does not employ an inflaton field. There is an exponential expansion of the volume of the Universe, induced by enormous entropy production in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-11 J. Ellis , N. E. Mavromatos , D. V. Nanopoulos

Inflationary cosmology explains the homogeneity and large-scale structure of the universe through a brief epoch of accelerated expansion following the Big Bang. Cyclic cosmologies, in contrast, describe a universe undergoing successive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-18 Kanabar Jay , Maxim Khlopov , Jan Novák

An inflationary scenario that leads to $\Omega _0<1$ today is presented. An epoch of `old' inflation during which the smoothness and horizon problems are solved is followed by a shortened epoch of `new' inflation. Old inflation exits…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-01 M. Bucher , A. S. Goldhaber , N. Turok , .

The creation of ultra-light dark particles in the late-time FLRW spacetime provides a cosmological model in accordance with precise observational tests. The matter creation backreaction implies in this context a vacuum energy density…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-11 Saulo Carneiro

Inflationary cosmology attempts to provide a natural explanation for the flatness and homogeneity of the observable universe. In the context of reversible (unitary) evolution, this goal is difficult to satisfy, as Liouville's theorem…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-07-09 Sean M. Carroll , Heywood Tam

We consider chaotic inflation in the theories with the effective potentials phi^n and e^{\alpha\phi}. In such theories inflationary domains containing sufficiently large and homogeneous scalar field \phi permanently produce new inflationary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-29 Andrei Linde , Dmitri Linde , Arthur Mezhlumian

It is conjectured that inflation, taking account of quantum gravity, leads to a discrete spectrum of cosmological perturbations, instead of the continuous Gaussian spectrum predicted by standard field theory in an unquantized background.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Craig J. Hogan

The main aim of this paper is to provide a qualitative introduction to the cosmic inflation and its relationship with current cosmological observations. The inflationary model solves many of the fundamental problems that challenge the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-24 J. Alberto Vazquez , Luis E. Padilla , Tonatiuh Matos

In most current models of inflation based on a weakly self-coupled scalar matter field minimally coupled to gravity, the period of inflation lasts so long that, at the beginning of the inflationary period, the physical wavelengths of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Jerome Martin , Robert H. Brandenberger

We investigate inflation in frames of two classes of $F(R)$ gravity and check its consistency with Planck data. It is shown that $F(R)$ inflation without self-reproduction may be constructed in close analogy with the corresponding scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-23 Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov

In this paper we study the generation of primordial perturbations in a cosmological setting of bigravity during inflation. We consider a model of bigravity which can reproduce the $\Lambda$CDM background and large scale structure and a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-02 Giulia Cusin , Ruth Durrer , Pietro Guarato , Mariele Motta

I argue that the proposition that primordial perturbations were produced by inflation is most definitely falsifyable. Far from ``predicting anything you want'', the Gaussianity and passivity of inflationary perturbations strongly constrain…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-03 Andreas Albrecht

Inflationary models are generally credited with explaining the large scale homogeneity, isotropy, and flatness of our universe as well as accounting for the origin of structure (i.e., the deviations from exact homogeneity) in our universe.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Stefan Hollands , Robert M. Wald

If our universe underwent inflation, its entropy during the inflationary phase was substantially lower than it is today. Because a low-entropy state is less likely to be chosen randomly than a high-entropy one, inflation is unlikely to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-12 Sean M. Carroll , Jennifer Chen

After a brief summary of general relativity and cosmology, we present the basic concepts underlying inflation, the currently best motivated models for the early Universe. We describe the simplest inflation models, based on a single scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-27 David Langlois

Cosmic inflation provides a window to the highest energy densities accessible in nature, far beyond those achievable in any realistic terrestrial experiment. Theoretical insights into the inflationary era and its observational probes may…

We argue that the emergent spacetime picture admits a background-independent formulation of cosmic inflation. The inflation in this picture corresponds to the dynamical emergence of spacetime while the conventional inflation is simply an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-02-27 Hyun Seok Yang

The "new standard cosmology", based on the theory of inflation, has very impressive observational support. I review some outstanding problems of the new cosmology and the global view of the universe -- the multiverse -- that it suggests. I…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Alexander Vilenkin

We suggest that spontaneous eternal inflation can provide a natural explanation for the thermodynamic arrow of time, and discuss the underlying assumptions and consequences of this view. In the absence of inflation, we argue that systems…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Sean M. Carroll , Jennifer Chen