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We uncover the structure of the space of symmetric functions in non-commutative variables by showing that the underlined Hopf algebra is both free and co-free. We also introduce the Hopf algebra of quasi-symmetric functions in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-08 Nantel Bergeron , Mike Zabrocki

In 1999, Iwan Duursma defined the zeta function for a linear code as a generating function of its Hamming weight enumerator. It can also be defined for other homogeneous polynomials not corresponding to existing codes. If the homogeneous…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Koji Chinen

We generalize two main theorems of matching polynomials of undirected simple graphs, namely, real-rootedness and the Heilmann-Lieb root bound. Viewing the matching polynomial of a graph $G$ as the independence polynomial of the line graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Jonathan Leake , Nick Ryder

We introduce a finite version of free probability for rectangular matrices that amounts to operations on singular values of polynomials. We show that we can replicate the transforms from free probability, and that asymptotically there is…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Aurelien Gribinski

We define a free holomorphic function to be a function that is locally a bounded nc-function. We prove that free holomorphic functions are the functions that are locally uniformly approximable by free polynomials. We prove a realization…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2013-07-03 Jim Agler , John E. McCarthy

Classical invariant theory of a complex reflection group $W$ highlights three beautiful structures: -- the $W$-invariant polynomials constitute a polynomial algebra, over which -- the $W$-invariant differential forms with polynomial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Victor Reiner , Anne V. Shepler

The symmetric function theorem states that a polynomial that is invariant under permutation of variables, is a polynomial in the elementary symmetric polynomials. We deduce this classical result, in the analytic setting, from the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Siegfried Van Hille

We give a representation of the classical theory of multiplicative arithmetic functions (MF)in the ring of symmetric polynomials. The basis of the ring of symmetric polynomials that we use is the isobaric basis, a basis especially sensitive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-11-26 Trueman MacHenry , Kieh Wong

In this paper we study algebras of modular forms on unitary groups of signature $(n,1)$. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for an algebra of unitary modular forms to be free in terms of the modular Jacobian. As a corollary we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Haowu Wang , Brandon Williams

Some general criteria to produce explicit free algebras inside the division ring of fractions of skew polynomial rings are presented. These criteria are applied to some special cases of division rings with natural involutions, yielding, for…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Vitor O. Ferreira , Érica Z. Fornaroli , Jairo Z. Gonçalves

We show that the ring of multisymmetric functions over a commutative ring is isomorphic to the ring generated by the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of polynomials in commuting generic matrices. As a consequence we give a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Francesco Vaccarino

The goal of invariant theory is to find all the generators for the algebra of representations of a group that leave the group invariant. Such generators will be called \emph{basic invariants}. In particular, we set out to find the set of…

General Topology · Mathematics 2011-10-26 Quinton Westrich

Let $G$ be a complex classical group, and let $V$ be its defining representation (possibly plus a copy of the dual). A foundational problem in classical invariant theory is to write down generators and relations for the ring of…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Rebecca Bourn , William Q. Erickson , Jeb F. Willenbring

We examine from an invariant theory viewpoint the monoid algebras for two monoids having large symmetry groups. The first monoid is the free left-regular band on $n$ letters, defined on the set of all injective words, that is, the words…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Sarah Brauner , Patricia Commins , Victor Reiner

In this paper we study the ring $\mathcal{P}$ of combinatorial convex polytopes. We introduce the algebra of operators $\mathcal{D}$ generated by the operators $d_k$ that send an $n$-dimensional polytope $P^n$ to the sum of all its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-04 Victor M. Buchstaber , Nickolai Erokhovets

Let G be a connected reductive group acting on a finite dimensional vector space V. Assume that V is equipped with a G-invariant symplectic form. Then the ring C[V] of polynomial functions becomes a Poisson algebra. The ring C[V]^G of…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-04-26 Friedrich Knop

We prove that generating subspaces of matrix rings over finite fields are counted by polynomials. We use this result to define and study two-variable versions of polynomials counting isomorphism classes of absolutely irreducible…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Markus Reineke

Let $\Rx$ denote the ring of polynomials in $g$ freely non-commuting variables $x=(x_1,...,x_g)$. There is a natural involution * on $\Rx$ determined by $x_j^*=x_j$ and $(pq)^*=q^* p^*$ and a free polynomial $p\in\Rx$ is symmetric if it is…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2012-08-20 Sriram Balasubramanian , Scott McCullough

We present a theory for splitting algebras of monic polynomials over rings, and apply the results to symmetric functions, and Galois theory. Our main result is that the ring of invariants of a splitting algebra under the symmetric group…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Torsten Ekedahl , Dan Laksov

We generalize both the notion of polynomial functions on Lie groups and the notion of horizontally affine maps on Carnot groups. We fix a subset $S$ of the algebra $\mathfrak g$ of left-invariant vector fields on a Lie group $\mathbb G$ and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Gioacchino Antonelli , Enrico Le Donne