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The Telescope Array (TA) experiment is located in the western desert of Utah, USA, and observes ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in the Northern hemisphere. At the highest energies, $E>10$~EeV, the shape of cosmic ray energy spectrum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-14 R. U. Abbasi , M. Abe , T. Abu-Zayyad , M. Allen , R. Azuma , E. Barcikowski , J. W. Belz , D. R. Bergman , S. A. Blake , R. Cady , B. G. Cheon , J. Chiba , M. Chikawa , T. Fujii , M. Fukushima , T. Goto , W. Hanlon , Y. Hayashi , M. Hayashi , N. Hayashida , K. Hibino , K. Honda , D. Ikeda , N. Inoue , T. Ishii , R. Ishimori , H. Ito , D. Ivanov , C. C. H. Jui , K. Kadota , F. Kakimoto , O. Kalashev , K. Kasahara , H. Kawai , S. Kawakami , S. Kawana , K. Kawata , E. Kido , H. B. Kim , J. H. Kim , J. H. Kim , S. Kishigami , S. Kitamura , Y. Kitamura , V. Kuzmin , M. Kuznetsov , Y. J. Kwon , J. Lan , B. Lubsandorzhiev , J. P. Lundquist , K. Machida , K. Martens , T. Matsuda , T. Matsuyama , J. N. Matthews , M. Minamino , K. Mukai , I. Myers , K. Nagasawa , S. Nagataki , T. Nakamura , T. Nonaka , A. Nozato , S. Ogio , J. Ogura , M. Ohnishi , H. Ohoka , K. Oki , T. Okuda , M. Ono , R. Onogi , A. Oshima , S. Ozawa , I. H. Park , M. S. Pshirkov , D. C. Rodriguez , G. Rubtsov , D. Ryu , H. Sagawa , K. Saito , Y. Saito , N. Sakaki , N. Sakurai , L. M. Scott , K. Sekino , P. D. Shah , T. Shibata , F. Shibata , H. Shimodaira , B. K. Shin , H. S. Shin , J. D. Smith , P. Sokolsky , B. T. Stokes , S. R. Stratton , T. A. Stroman , T. Suzawa , Y. Takahashi , M. Takamura , M. Takeda , R. Takeishi , A. Taketa , M. Takita , Y. Tameda , M. Tanaka , K. Tanaka , H. Tanaka , S. B. Thomas , G. B. Thomson , P. Tinyakov , I. Tkachev , H. Tokuno , T. Tomida , S. Troitsky , Y. Tsunesada , K. Tsutsumi , Y. Uchihori , S. Udo , F. Urban , T. Wong , R. Yamane , H. Yamaoka , K. Yamazaki , J. Yang , K. Yashiro , Y. Yoneda , S. Yoshida , H. Yoshii , Y. Zhezher , R. Zollinger , Z. Zundel

After over 60 years, the powerful engines that accelerate ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) to the formidable energies at which we observe them from Earth remain mysterious. Assuming standard physics, we expect UHECR sources to lie…

A dipole anisotropy in ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) arrival directions, of extragalactic origin, is now firmly established at energies E > 8 EeV. Furthermore, the UHECR angular power spectrum shows no power at smaller angular scales…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-01 Teresa Bister , Glennys R. Farrar

We investigate the possibility that near future observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) can unveil their local source distribution, which reflects the observed local structures if their origins are astrophysical objects. In…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Hajime Takami , Katsuhiko Sato

KLYPVE-EUSO (K-EUSO) is a planned orbital detector of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), which is to be deployed on board the International Space Station. K-EUSO is expected to have a uniform exposure over the celestial sphere and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-25 O. Kalashev , M. Pshirkov , M. Zotov

Recently, the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment claims that there is no small scale anisotropy in the arrival distribution of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) above $E>10^{19}$ eV contrary to the Akeno Giant Air Shower…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Hiroyuki Yoshiguchi , Shigehiro Nagataki , Katsuhiko Sato

The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remains an open questions in astrophysics. We explore two primary scenarios for the distribution of UHECR sources, assuming that their production rate follows either the cosmic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-29 Antonio Condorelli , Jonathan Biteau , Olivier Deligny , Remi Adam

Ultra High Energy (UHE) particles coming from discrete extragalactic sources are potential candidates for EAS events above a few tens of EeV. In particular, galaxies with huge infrared luminosity triggered by collision and merging processes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Smialkowski , M. Giller , W. Michalak

Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the most energetic particles known - and yet their origin is still an open question. However, with the precision and accumulated statistics of the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-10 Teresa Bister

Context. At large angular scales, the Pierre Auger Observatory has reported a significant dipole modulation in right ascension, while at intermediate angular scales, localized flux excesses have been identified by both the Auger and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-13 D. Allard , J. Aublin , B. Baret , E. Parizot

We consider the recent results on UHECR (Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray), clustering, composition, distribution in the sky, from the energy of several EeV with the dipole anisotropy up to the highest ones. We have suggested since 2008 and we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-27 D. Fargion , P. G. De Sanctis Lucentini , M. Y. Khlopov

We explore two generic hypotheses for tracing the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in the Universe: star formation rate density or stellar mass density. For each scenario, we infer a set of constraints for the emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-01 Sullivan Marafico , Jonathan Biteau , Antonio Condorelli , Olivier Deligny , Quentin Luce

From deflections in galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields energy dependent structures in the arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) are expected. We propose to characterize these structures by the strength of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-01 Martin Erdmann , Tobias Winchen

A posteriori anisotropy study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) has shown evidence of excess of cosmic ray particles above 55 EeV within $18^{\circ}$ of the direction of the radio galaxy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Ruo-Yu Liu , Xiang-Yu Wang , Wei Wang , A. M. Taylor

This paper proposes and discusses a test of the chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays that relies on the anisotropy patterns measured as a function of energy. In particular, we show that if one records an anisotropy signal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-11-13 Martin Lemoine , Eli Waxman

The astrophysical engines that power ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remain to date unknown. Since the propagation horizon of UHECRs is limited to the local, anisotropic Universe, the distribution of UHECR arrival directions should…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-27 Federico R. Urban , Stefano Camera , David Alonso

The study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) has recently experienced a jump in statistics as well as improved instrumentation. This has allowed a better sensitivity in searching for anisotropies in the arrival directions of cosmic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-15 O. Deligny , J. de Mello Neto , P. Sommers , H. Sagawa , P. Tinyakov , I. Tkachev , A. lvanov , L. Timofeev

We study the propagation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the Galaxy, concentrating on the energy range below the ankle in the spectrum at 4 EeV. A Monte-Carlo method, based on analytical solutions to the time-dependent diffusion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Martin Pohl , David Eichler

We explore inferences on ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR) source environments -- constrained by the spectrum and composition of UHECRs and non-observation of extremely high energy neutrinos -- and their implications for the observed high…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-24 Marco Stein Muzio , Glennys R. Farrar , Michael Unger

Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays, UHECR, are charged particles with energies between $\sim10^{18}\,{\rm eV}$ and $\sim3\times10^{20}\,{\rm eV}\sim50\,{\rm J}$. They exhibit fundamental physics at energies inaccessible to terrestrial…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-29 Noémie Globus , Roger Blandford