Related papers: Transient Heliosheath Modulation
Fluctuations of solar wind magnetic field and plasma parameters exhibit a typical turbulence power spectrum with a spectral index ranging between $\sim -5/3$ and $\sim -3/2$. In particular, at $1$ AU, the magnetic field spectrum, observed…
We analyze magnetic field data from the first six encounters of PSP, three Helios fast streams and two Ulysses south polar passes covering heliocentric distances $0.1\lesssim R\lesssim 3$ au. We use this data set to statistically determine…
We resolve the paradox that although magnetic collimation of an isotropic solar wind results in an enhancement of its proton flux along the polar directions, several observations indicate a wind proton flux peaked at the equator. To that…
Current sheets are ubiquitous in the solar wind.They are a major source of the solar wind MHD turbulence intermittency. They may result from non-linear interactions of the solar wind MHD turbulence or are the boundaries of flux tubes that…
Magnetohydronamic turbulence is believed to play a crucial role in heating the laboratorial, space, and astrophysical plasmas. However, the precise connection between the turbulent fluctuations and the particle kinetics has not yet been…
In previous work, we have shown that recent updated standard solar models cannot reproduce the radial profile of the sound speed at the base of the convective zone (CZ) and fail to predict the Li7 depletion. In parallel, helioseismology has…
At present, the heliosphere is embedded in a warm low density interstellar cloud that belongs to a cloud system flowing through the local standard of rest with a velocity near ~18 km/s. The velocity structure of the nearest interstellar…
Shock boundary layers are regions bounded by a shock wave on the one side and tangential discontinuity on the other side. These boundary layers are commonly observed in astrophysics. For example, they exist in the regions of the interaction…
We present a pioneering model of the interaction between the solar wind and the surrounding interstellar medium that includes the possibility of different pressures in directions parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field. The outer…
Small-scale magnetic fields are thought to play an important role in the heating of the outer solar atmosphere. By taking advantage of the unprecedented high-spatial and temporal cadence of IMaX, the filter vector polarimeter on board the…
The fourth orbit of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) reached heliocentric distances down to 27.9 Rs, allowing solar wind turbulence and acceleration mechanisms to be studied in situ closer to the Sun than previously possible. The turbulence…
The paper describes differences in the intensity as a function of radial distance of anomalous and galactic cosmic rays in the N-S heliosheaths as observed by the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft respectively. The anomalous cosmic ray (ACR)…
We employ three-dimensional state of the art magnetohydrodynamic models of the early solar wind and heliosphere and a two-dimensional model for cosmic ray transport to investigate the cosmic ray spectrum and flux near the Archean Earth. We…
Solar radio bursts are strongly affected by radio-wave scattering on density inhomogeneities, changing their observed time characteristics, sizes, and positions. The same turbulence causes angular broadening and scintillation of galactic…
The observed variability of the cosmic-ray intensity in the interplanetary space is driven by the evolution of the Sun's magnetic activity over its 11-year quasiperiodical cycle. Investigating the relationship between solar activity indices…
The Voyager spacecraft is now approaching the edge of the solar system. Near the boundary between the solar system and the interstellar medium we find that an unstable ``jet-sheet'' forms. The jet-sheet oscillates up and down due to a…
Opher et al. 2006 showed that an interstellar magnetic field parallel to the plane defined by the deflection of interstellar hydrogen atoms can produce a north/south asymmetry in the distortion of the solar wind termination shock. This…
Waves are thought to play a significant role in the heating of the solar atmosphere and the acceleration of the wind. Among the many types of waves observed in the Sun, the so-called p-modes with a 3 mHz frequency peak dominate the lower…
The solar convection zone exhibits a strong level of differential rotation, whereby the rotation period of the polar regions is about 25-30% longer than the equatorial regions. The Coriolis force associated with these zonal flows…
We present an attempt to reconcile the solar tachocline glitch, a thin layer immediately beneath the convection zone in which the seismically inferred sound speed in the Sun exceeds corresponding values in standard solar models, with a…