English
Related papers

Related papers: Verification of Information Flow Properties under …

200 papers

During reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs), false positive (FP) reasoning occurs when a model produces the correct answer but follows an incorrect reasoning path, resulting in undermined reasoning reliability. Existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ben Zhang , LuLu Yu , Lei Gao , QuanJiang Guo , Jing Liu , Hui Gao

State-of-the-art deep-learning-based approaches to Natural Language Processing (NLP) are credited with various capabilities that involve reasoning with natural language texts. In this paper we carry out a large-scale empirical study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Viktor Schlegel , Kamen V. Pavlov , Ian Pratt-Hartmann

Flow networks have attracted a lot of research in computer science. Indeed, many questions in numerous application areas can be reduced to questions about flow networks. Many of these applications would benefit from a framework in which one…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Orna Kupferman , Gal Vardi

This thesis addresses the foundational aspects of formal methods for applications in security and in particular in anonymity. More concretely, we develop frameworks for the specification of anonymity properties and propose algorithms for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-11-14 Miguel E. Andrés

Knowledge flow analysis offers a simple and flexible way to find flaws in security protocols. A protocol is described by a collection of rules constraining the propagation of knowledge amongst principals. Because this characterization…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Emina Torlak , Marten van Dijk , Blaise Gassend , Daniel Jackson , Srinivas Devadas

Researchers have proposed formal definitions of quantitative information flow based on information theoretic notions such as the Shannon entropy, the min entropy, the guessing entropy, and channel capacity. This paper investigates the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-04-02 Hirotoshi Yasuoka , Tachio Terauchi

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled powerful autonomous agents capable of complex reasoning and multi-modal tool use. Despite their growing capabilities, today's agent frameworks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Peiran Li , Xinkai Zou , Zhuohang Wu , Ruifeng Li , Shuo Xing , Hanwen Zheng , Zhikai Hu , Yuping Wang , Haoxi Li , Qin Yuan , Yingmo Zhang , Zhengzhong Tu

Language-based information flow control (IFC) tracks dependencies within a program using sensitivity labels and prohibits public outputs from depending on secret inputs. In particular, literature has proposed several type systems for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Vineet Rajani , Deepak Garg

Information flow analysis checks whether certain pieces of (confidential) data may affect the results of computations in unwanted ways and thus leak information. Dynamic information flow analysis adds instrumentation code to the target…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-07-11 Gergö Barany

A model of an information system describes its processes and how resources are involved in these processes to manipulate data objects. This paper presents an extension to the Petri nets formalism suitable for describing information systems…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jan Martijn E. M. van der Werf , Andrey Rivkin , Marco Montali , Artem Polyvyanyy

Information theory is gaining popularity as a tool to characterize performance of biological systems. However, information is commonly quantified without reference to whether or how a system could extract and use it; as a result,…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2016-11-28 Mikhail Tikhonov , Shawn C. Little , Thomas Gregor

We propose an approach on model checking information flow for imperative language with procedures. We characterize our model with pushdown system, which has a stack of unbounded length that naturally models the execution of procedural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-12-15 Cong Sun , Liyong Tang , Zhong Chen

In this paper, we investigate a class of information-flow security properties called opacity in partial-observed discrete-event systems. Roughly speaking, a system is said to be opaque if the intruder, which is modeled by a passive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-01 Bohan Cui , Xiang Yin , Shaoyuan Li , Alessandro Giua

In high-stakes domains such as healthcare and finance, effective decision-making demands not just accurate outcomes but transparent and explainable reasoning. However, current language models often lack the structured deliberation needed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xiusi Chen , Shanyong Wang , Cheng Qian , Hongru Wang , Peixuan Han , Heng Ji

Constant-time programming is a countermeasure to prevent cache based attacks where programs should not perform memory accesses that depend on secrets. In some cases this policy can be safely relaxed if one can prove that the program does…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Cristian Ene , Laurent Mounier , Marie-Laure Potet

This article presents liquid resource types, a technique for automatically verifying the resource consumption of functional programs. Existing resource analysis techniques trade automation for flexibility -- automated techniques are…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Tristan Knoth , Di Wang , Adam Reynolds , Jan Hoffmann , Nadia Polikarpova

The volume and velocity of information that gets generated online limits current journalistic practices to fact-check claims at the same rate. Computational approaches for fact checking may be the key to help mitigate the risks of massive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Prashant Shiralkar , Alessandro Flammini , Filippo Menczer , Giovanni Luca Ciampaglia

Algorithmic information theory translates statements about classes of objects into statements about individual objects; it defines individual random sequences, effective Hausdorff dimension of individual points, amount of information in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Alexander Shen

A central task in analyzing complex dynamics is to determine the loci of information storage and the communication topology of information flows within a system. Over the last decade and a half, diagnostics for the latter have come to be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-20 Ryan G. James , Nix Barnett , James P. Crutchfield

Dempster-Shafer theory of imprecise probabilities has proved useful to incorporate both nonspecificity and conflict uncertainties in an inference mechanism. The traditional Bayesian approach cannot differentiate between the two, and is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Sari Haj Hussein