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Stacking order in bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) controls structural symmetry and layer-to-layer interactions, offering a direct route to tune their electronic properties and enable optoelectronic applications. The work…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Anagha Gopinath , Faiha Mujeeb , Subhabrata Dhar , Jyoti Mohanty

The rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the last two decades was stimulated by the emergence of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques capable of accessing local material properties, including transport, mechanical,…

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) allows to probe matter at atomic scale by measuring the perturbation of a nanomechanical oscillator induced by near-field interaction forces. The quest to improve sensitivity and resolution of AFM has forced…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-25 Alessandro Siria , Antoine Niguès

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has a great potential as a tool to characterize mechanical and morphological properties of living cells; these properties have been shown to correlate with cells' fate and patho-physiological state in view of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-06-21 Luca Puricelli , Massimiliano Galluzzi , Carsten Schulte , Alessandro Podestà , Paolo Milani

Soaring demands of multi-stacked memory devices request urgent development of backside contact electrode technologies, such as high aspect ratio etching, metallization, and inspection methods. Especially the complex metal contact process…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Minsun Gu , Moon Seop Hyun , Moonsup Han , Gyungtae Kim , Young Jun Chang

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has become established as a powerful and a versatile tool for investigating local mechanical properties. In addition, it has been made possible to take advantage of the AFM tip-sample interaction, to perturb,…

The atomic number contrast imaging technique reveals an increase in intensity at interfaces of a high and low-density material in case of relatively thick samples. Elastic scattering factors and absorption coefficients are incorporated in a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-12-25 Aniruddha Dutta , Helge Heinrich

Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is a popular tool for studying properties of semiconductors. However, the interpretation of its results is complicated by the possibility of so-called band bending and the presence of surface charges. In…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-06-22 Leo Polak , Rinke J. Wijngaarden

An exact analytical solution based on the method of images has been obtained for the description of the electrostatic field in the system comrising of atomic force microscope (AFM)tip, dielectric, and conductor. The solution provides a step…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Sergei F. Lyuksyutov , Ruslan A. Sharipov , Grigori Sigalov , Pavel B Paramonov

We examine the effect of van der Waals (vdW) interactions between atomic force microscope (AFM) tips and individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) supported on SiO2. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal how CNTs deform during AFM…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-07-09 Rouholla Alizadegan , Albert D. Liao , Feng Xiong , Eric Pop , K. Jimmy Hsia

The (001) surface of NiO, an antiferromagnet at room temperature, was investigated under ultra-high vacuum conditions with frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM). The antiferromagnetic coupling between ions leads to a spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2008-01-09 M. Schmid , F. J. Giessibl , J. Mannhart

Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is a powerful tool for studying contact electrification, using an tiny tip to image voltages caused by transferred charge. It has been used in stationary studies focused on finding patterns (e.g.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-19 Felix Pertl , Isaac C. D. Lenton , Tobias Cramer , Scott Waitukaitis

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been constantly supporting nanosciences and nanotechnologies for over 30 years, being present in many fields from condensed matter physics to biology. It enables measuring very weak forces at the nanoscale,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-09-07 L Schwab , P Allain , N Mauran , X Dollat , L Mazenq , D Lagrange , M Gély , S Hentz , G Jourdan , I Favero , B Legrand

We investigate the dependency of electrostatic interaction forces on applied potentials in Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM) as well as in related local potentiometry techniques like Kelvin Probe Microscopy (KPM). The approximated…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Lucchesi , G. Privitera , M. Labardi , D. Prevosto , S. Capaccioli , P. Pingue

Intermolecular features in atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of organic molecules have been ascribed to intermolecular bonds. A recent theoretical study [P. Hapala et al., Phys. Rev. B 90, 085421 (2014)] showed that these features can…

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an essential nanoinstrument technique for several applications such as cell biology and nanoelectronics metrology and inspection. The need for statistically significant sample sizes means that data…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-04-05 H. Sadeghian , R. Herfst , B. Dekker , J. Winters , T. Bijnagte , R. Rijnbeek

Axion remains the most convincing solution to the strong-CP problem and a well-motivated dark matter candidate, causing the search for axions and axion-like particles(ALPs) to attract attention continually. The exchange of such particles…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-02 Lei Chen , Jian Liu , Kadi Zhu

In this work, the tip convolution effect in atomic force microscopy is revisited to illustrate the capabilities of cubic objects for determination of the tip shape and size. Using molecular-based cubic nanoparticles as a reference, a…

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has been extensively applied to probe interfacial water in many interdisciplinary fields but the disturbance of the probes on the hydrogen-bonding structure of water has remained an intractable problem. Here…

Contact electrification (CE) remains a critical challenge in advanced material technologies where uncontrolled surface charging can compromise manufacturability, reliability, and performance in practical applications. Ultrathin glass with…