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We propose a data assimilation algorithm for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, based on the Azouani, Olson, and Titi (AOT) algorithm, but applied to the 2D Navier-Stokes-Voigt equations. Adapting the AOT algorithm to regularized versions of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-10-26 Adam Larios , Yuan Pei

We study the use of the Azouani-Olson-Titi (AOT) continuous data assimilation algorithm to recover solutions of the Navier--Stokes equations modified to have higher-order fractional diffusion. The fractional diffusion case is of particular…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Adam Larios , Collin Victor

We describe a spectrally-filtered discrete-in-time downscaling data assimilation algorithm and prove, in the context of the two-dimensional Navier--Stokes equations, that this algorithm works for a general class of interpolants, such as…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-03-18 Emine Celik , Eric Olson , Edriss S. Titi

This article studies the intimate relationship between two filtering algorithms for continuous data assimilation, the synchronization filter and the nudging filter, in the paradigmatic context of the two-dimensional (2D) Navier-Stokes…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Elizabeth Carlson , Aseel Farhat , Vincent R. Martinez , Collin Victor

In this paper we propose the use of a continuous data assimilation algorithm for miscible flow models in a porous medium. In the absence of initial conditions for the model, observed sparse measurements are used to generate an approximation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-23 Hakima Bessaih , Victor Ginting , Bradley McCaskill

In this article, we prove that data assimilation by feedback nudging can be achieved for the three-dimensional quasi-geostrophic equation in a simplified scenario using only large spatial scale observables on the dynamical boundary. On this…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-12-12 Michael S. Jolly , Vincent R. Martinez , Edriss S. Titi

Nudging is an important data assimilation technique where partial field measurements are used to control the evolution of a dynamical system and/or to reconstruct the entire phase-space configuration of the supplied flow. Here, we apply it…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-02-12 P. Clark Di Leoni , A. Mazzino , L. Biferale

This paper considers a nudging-based scheme for data assimilation for the two-dimensional (2D) Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) with periodic boundary conditions and studies the synchronization of the signal produced by this algorithm with the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Animikh Biswas , Kenneth R. Brown , Vincent R. Martinez

Data assimilation methodologies are designed to incorporate noisy observations of a physical system into an underlying model in order to infer the properties of the state of the system. Filters refer to a class of data assimilation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-10-13 C. E. A. Brett , K. F. Lam , K. J. H. Law , D. S. McCormick , M. R. Scott , A. M. Stuart

We study a discrete-in-time data-assimilation algorithm based on nudging through a time-delayed feedback control in which the observational measurements have been contaminated by a Gaussian noise process. In the context of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-09-08 Emine Celik , Eric Olson

This paper considers continuous data assimilation (CDA) in partial differential equation (PDE) discretizations where nudging parameters can be taken arbitrarily large. We prove that long-time optimally accurate solutions are obtained for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Amanda Diegel , Xuejian Li , Leo G. Rebholz

We introduce a localized version of the nudging data assimilation algorithm for the periodic 2D Navier-Stokes equations in which observations are confined (i.e., localized) to a window that moves across the entire domain along a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Animikh Biswas , Zachary Bradshaw , Michael Jolly

Continuous data assimilation (CDA) methods, such as the nudging algorithm introduced by Azouani, Olson, and Titi (AOT), have proven to be highly effective in deterministic settings for asymptotically synchronizing approximate solutions with…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Kush Kinra

In atmospheric and turbulent flow modeling, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is often used to reduce computational cost, while observational data typically originates from the underlying physical system. Motivated by this setting, we study a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Adam Larios , Ali Pakzad , Nicholas White

The error analysis of a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) data assimilation (DA) scheme for the Navier-Stokes equations is carried out. A grad-div stabilization term is added to the formulation of the POD method. Error bounds with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Bosco García Archilla , Julia Novo , Samuele Rubino

We study a nonlinear-nudging modification of the Azouani-Olson-Titi continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for the 2D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We give a rigorous proof that the nonlinear-nudging system is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Elizabeth Carlson , Adam Larios , Edriss S. Titi

We apply the Postprocessing Galerkin method to a recently introduced continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for obtaining a numerical approximation of the solution of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations corresponding…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-12-22 Cecilia F. Mondaini , Edriss S. Titi

We apply a continuous data assimilation method to the Navier-Stokes-Fourier system governing the evolution of a compressible, rotating and thermally driven fluid. A rigorous proof of the tracking property is given in the asymptotic regime…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-24 Eduard Feireisl , Wladimir Neves

We study a continuous data assimilation (CDA) algorithm for a velocity-vorticity formulation of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations in two cases: nudging applied to the velocity and vorticity, and nudging applied to the velocity only. We prove…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Matthew Gardner , Adam Larios , Leo G. Rebholz , Duygu Vargun , Camille Zerfas

The three-dimensional Navier-Stokes-$\alpha$ model for fast rotating geophysical fluids is considered. The Navier-Stokes-$\alpha$ model is a nonlinear dispersive regularization of the exact Navier-Stokes equations obtained by Lagrangian…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-03-05 Bong-Sik Kim