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Deep reinforcement learning agents are prone to goal misalignments. The black-box nature of their policies hinders the detection and correction of such misalignments, and the trust necessary for real-world deployment. So far, solutions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Hector Kohler , Quentin Delfosse , Riad Akrour , Kristian Kersting , Philippe Preux

Reinforcement learning techniques leveraging deep learning have made tremendous progress in recent years. However, the complexity of neural networks prevents practitioners from understanding their behavior. Decision trees have gained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Daniël Vos , Sicco Verwer

We present an algorithm for learning decision trees using stochastic gradient information as the source of supervision. In contrast to previous approaches to gradient-based tree learning, our method operates in the incremental learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-25 Henry Gouk , Bernhard Pfahringer , Eibe Frank

Tree-based models are often robust to uninformative features and can accurately capture non-smooth, complex decision boundaries. Consequently, they often outperform neural network-based models on tabular datasets at a significantly lower…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Urška Matjašec , Nikola Simidjievski , Mateja Jamnik

In this work, the TREPAN algorithm is enhanced and extended for extracting decision trees from neural networks. We empirically evaluated the performance of the algorithm on a set of databases from real world events. This benchmark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-01 Awudu Karim , Shangbo Zhou

Ensembles of classification and regression trees remain popular machine learning methods because they define flexible non-parametric models that predict well and are computationally efficient both during training and testing. During…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Sebastian Nowozin

Learning structured outputs with general structures is computationally challenging, except for tree-structured models. Thus we propose an efficient boosting-based algorithm AdaBoost.MRF for this task. The idea is based on the realization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-07-25 Truyen Tran , Dinh Phung , Svetha Venkatesh

In this article, we have proposed several approaches for post processing a large ensemble of prediction models or rules. The results from our simulations show that the post processing methods we have considered here are promising. We have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-19 Deniz Akdemir

Decision trees are renowned for their ability to achieve high predictive performance while remaining interpretable, especially on tabular data. Traditionally, they are constructed through recursive algorithms, where they partition the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yufan Zhuang , Liyuan Liu , Chandan Singh , Jingbo Shang , Jianfeng Gao

We seek to provide an interpretable framework for segmenting users in a population for personalized decision-making. We propose a general methodology, Market Segmentation Trees (MSTs), for learning market segmentations explicitly driven by…

Applications · Statistics 2023-01-16 Ali Aouad , Adam N. Elmachtoub , Kris J. Ferreira , Ryan McNellis

Ensemble models are widely recognized in the ML community for their limited interpretability. For instance, while a single decision tree is considered interpretable, ensembles of trees (e.g., boosted trees) are often treated as black-boxes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Shahaf Bassan , Guy Amir , Meirav Zehavi , Guy Katz

Reinforcement learning techniques achieved human-level performance in several tasks in the last decade. However, in recent years, the need for interpretability emerged: we want to be able to understand how a system works and the reasons…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

The perspective of developing trustworthy AI for critical applications in science and engineering requires machine learning techniques that are capable of estimating their own uncertainty. In the context of regression, instead of estimating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Quentin Duchemin , Guillaume Obozinski

A random forest prediction can be computed by the scalar product of the labels of the training examples and a set of weights that are determined by the leafs of the forest into which the test object falls; each prediction can hence be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Henrik Boström

Analysis of sample survey data often requires adjustments to account for missing data in the outcome variables of principal interest. Standard adjustment methods based on item imputation or on propensity weighting factors rely heavily on…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-03-08 Wei-Yin Loh , John Eltinge , MoonJung Cho , Yuanzhi Li

Exploratory data analysis is crucial for developing and understanding classification models from high-dimensional datasets. We explore the utility of a new unsupervised tree ensemble called uncharted forest for visualizing class…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-03 Casey Kneale , Steven D. Brown

Random forests are an ensemble method relevant for many problems, such as regression or classification. They are popular due to their good predictive performance (compared to, e.g., decision trees) requiring only minimal tuning of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-20 Nikolaus Umlauf , Nadja Klein

This work considers the problem of learning the structure of multivariate linear tree models, which include a variety of directed tree graphical models with continuous, discrete, and mixed latent variables such as linear-Gaussian models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Animashree Anandkumar , Kamalika Chaudhuri , Daniel Hsu , Sham M. Kakade , Le Song , Tong Zhang

Decision trees are popular in survival analysis for their interpretability and ability to model complex relationships. Survival trees, which predict the timing of singular events using censored historical data, are typically built through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Antonio Consolo , Edoardo Amaldi , Emilio Carrizosa

stagedtrees is an R package which includes several algorithms for learning the structure of staged trees and chain event graphs from data. Score-based and clustering-based algorithms are implemented, as well as various functionalities to…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-03 Federico Carli , Manuele Leonelli , Eva Riccomagno , Gherardo Varando