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We propose an improved two-way continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD) protocol by adding proper random noise on the receiver's homodyne detection, the security of which is analysed against general collective attacks. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-07 Maozhu Sun , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the fastest-growing and relatively mature technology in the field of quantum information, enabling information-theoretically secure key distribution between two remote users. Although QKD based on…

The coherent one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a highly practical quantum communication protocol that is currently deployed in off-the-shelves products. However, despite its simplicity and widespread use, the security of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-26 Emilien Lavie , Charles C. -W. Lim

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can share an unconditional secure key between two remote parties, but the deviation between theory and practice will break the security of the generated key. In this paper, we evaluate the security of QKD with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-26 Shi-Hai Sun , Zhi-Yu Tian , Mei-Sheng Zhao , Yan Ma

One crucial step in any quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme is parameter estimation. In a typical QKD protocol the users have to sacrifice part of their raw data to estimate the parameters of the communication channel as, for example, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Cosmo Lupo , Carlo Ottaviani , Panagiotis Papanastasiou , Stefano Pirandola

In this paper, a continuous variable B92 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is proposed using single photon added and subtracted coherent states, which are prepared by adding and subsequently subtracting a single photon on a coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Srikara S , Kishore Thapliyal , Anirban Pathak

In recent years, discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution (DM-CV-QKD) has gained traction due to its practical advantages: cost-effectiveness, simple state preparation, and compatibility with existing communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Wen Yu Kon , Charles Lim

We use single homodyne detector to accomplish Continuous-Variable quantum key distribution(CV QKD) in a laboratory and urban environment free-space channel. This is based on Gaussian modulation with coherent-states in the polarization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Shi-Yang Shen , Ming-Wei Dai , Xue-Tao Zheng , Qi-Yao Sun , Bing Zhu , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

We address continuous variable quantum key distribution (QKD) in non-Markovian lossy channels and show how the non-Markovian features may be exploited to enhance security and/or to detect the presence and the position of an eavesdropper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Ruggero Vasile , Stefano Olivares , Matteo G A Paris , Sabrina Maniscalco

There exist several initiatives worldwide to deploy quantum key distribution (QKD) over existing fibre networks and achieve quantum-safe security at large scales. To understand the overall QKD network performance, it is required to…

We prove that the teleportation based quantum cryptography protocol presented in [Opt. Commun. 283, 184 (2010)], which is built using only orthogonal states encoding the classical bits that are teleported from Alice to Bob, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Diogo Lima , Gustavo Rigolin

In a two-way deterministic quantum key distribution (DQKD) protocol, Bob randomly prepares qubits in one of four states and sends them to Alice. To encode a bit, Alice performs an operation on each received qubit and returns it to Bob. Bob…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-11 Hua Lu , Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Qing-yu Cai

We analyse the distribution of secure keys using quantum cryptography based on the continuous variable degree of freedom of entangled photon pairs. We derive the information capacity of a scheme based on the spatial entanglement of photons…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lijian Zhang , Christine Silberhorn , Ian A. Walmsley

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) features a high key rate and compatibility with classical optical communication. Developing expandable and efficient CVQKD networks will promote the deployment of large-scale quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Hai Zhong , Qianqian Hu , Zhiyue Zuo , Zhipeng Wang , Duan Huang , Ying Guo

We propose a continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocol, in which detection is conducted by an untrusted third party. Our protocol can defend all detector side channels, which seriously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-13 Zhengyu Li , Yi-Chen Zhang , Feihu Xu , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

We propose a long-distance continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) with four-state protocol using non-Gaussian state-discrimination detection. A photon subtraction operation, which is deployed at the transmitter, is used for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-23 Qin Liao , Ying Guo , Duang Huang , Peng Huang , Guihua Zeng

In counterfactual quantum key distribution (QKD), two remote parties can securely share random polarization-encoded bits through the blocking rather than the transmission of particles. We propose a semi-counterfactual QKD, i.e., one where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-28 Akshata Shenoy H. , R. Srikanth , T. Srinivas

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows Alice and Bob to agree on a shared secret key, while communicating over a public (untrusted) quantum channel. Compared to classical key exchange, it has two main advantages: (i) The key is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-03 Giulio Malavolta , Michael Walter

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) schemes are key exchange protocols based on the physical properties of quantum channels. They avoid the computational-hardness assumptions that underlie the security of classical key exchange.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Arpan Akash Ray , Boris Skoric

Employing the fundamental laws of quantum physics, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) promises the unconditionally secure distribution of cryptographic keys. However, in practical realisations, a QKD protocol is only secure, when the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-07 Muhammad Mubashir Khan , Jie Xu , Almut Beige