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In this paper, we review recent work published over the last 3 years under the umbrella of Neuromorphic engineering to analyze what are the common features among such systems. We see that there is no clear consensus but each system has one…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Sumon Kumar Bose , Jyotibdha Acharya , Arindam Basu

Despite the recent success of machine learning algorithms, most models face drawbacks when considering more complex tasks requiring interaction between different sources, such as multimodal input data and logical time sequences. On the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Leandro A. Passos , João Paulo Papa , Amir Hussain , Ahsan Adeel

This paper presents an implementation of multilayer feed forward neural networks (NN) to optimize CMOS analog circuits. For modeling and design recently neural network computational modules have got acceptance as an unorthodox and useful…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-12-13 Mriganka Chakraborty

Neural networks are an increasingly attractive algorithm for natural language processing and pattern recognition. Deep networks with >50M parameters are made possible by modern GPU clusters operating at <50 pJ per op and more recently,…

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a promising technology for confidential cloud computing, as it allows computations on encrypted data. However, HE is computationally expensive and often memory-bound on conventional computer architectures.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Niklas Klinger , Jonas Sander , Peterson Yuhala , Pascal Felber , Thomas Eisenbarth

Hardware neural networks that implement synaptic weights with embedded non-volatile memory, such as spin torque memory (ST-MRAM), are a major lead for low energy artificial intelligence. In this work, we propose an approximate storage…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Nicolas Locatelli , Adrien F. Vincent , Damien Querlioz

The combinations of machine learning with ab initio methods have attracted much attention for their potential to resolve the accuracy-efficiency dilemma and facilitate calculations for large-scale systems. Recently, equivariant message…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Zhixin Liang , Yunlong Wang , Chi Ding , Junjie Wang , Hui-Tian Wang , Dingyu Xing , Jian Sun

In-memory database query processing frequently involves substantial data transfers between the CPU and memory, leading to inefficiencies due to Von Neumann bottleneck. Processing-in-Memory (PIM) architectures offer a viable solution to…

The rapid advancement of neuromorphic technology aims to address the memory wall challenge inherent in conventional von Neumann architectures. This paper critically examines current digital neuromorphic processors and their strategies to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Amirreza Yousefzadeh , Sameed Sohail , Ana Lucia Varbanescu

This work introduces an approach rooted in quantum thermodynamics to enhance sampling efficiency in quantum machine learning (QML). We propose conceptualizing quantum supervised learning as a thermodynamic cooling process. Building on this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Nayeli A. Rodríguez-Briones , Daniel K. Park

Industrial thermal power systems have coupled performance variables with hierarchical order of importance, making their simultaneous optimization computationally challenging or infeasible. This barrier limits the integrated and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Talha Ansar , Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas , Ramit Debnath , Vivek Dua , Waqar Muhammad Ashraf

Neuromorphic architectures mimicking biological neural networks have been proposed as a much more efficient alternative to conventional von Neumann architectures for the exploding compute demands of AI workloads. Recent neuroscience theory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Harideep Nair , William Leyman , Agastya Sampath , Quinn Jacobson , John Paul Shen

Large-scale integration of emerging nanoscale non-volatile memory devices, e.g. resistive random-access memory (RRAM), can enable a new generation of neuromorphic computers that can solve a wide range of machine learning problems. Such…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Xinyu Wu , Vishal Saxena

Hardware accelerators have become a de-facto standard to achieve high performance on current supercomputers and there are indications that this trend will increase in the future. Modern accelerators feature high-bandwidth memory next to the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-06-07 Ivy Bo Peng , Roberto Gioiosa , Gokcen Kestor , Erwin Laure , Stefano Markidis

Quantum neuromorphic computing physically implements neural networks in brain-inspired quantum hardware to speed up their computation. In this perspective article, we show that this emerging paradigm could make the best use of the existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Danijela Marković , Julie Grollier

There is a growing demand for low-power, autonomously learning artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can be applied at the edge and rapidly adapt to the specific situation at deployment site. However, current AI models struggle in such…

Hyperparameters and learning algorithms for neuromorphic hardware are usually chosen by hand. In contrast, the hyperparameters and learning algorithms of networks of neurons in the brain, which they aim to emulate, have been optimized…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Thomas Bohnstingl , Franz Scherr , Christian Pehle , Karlheinz Meier , Wolfgang Maass

SoCs are now designed with their own AI accelerator segment to accommodate the ever-increasing demand of Deep Learning (DL) applications. With powerful MAC engines for matrix multiplications, these accelerators show high computing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Kaniz Mishty , Mehdi Sadi

The emergence of memristor technologies brings new prospects for modern electronics via enabling novel in-memory computing solutions and affordable and scalable reconfigurable hardware implementations. Several competing memristor…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-09-19 Spyros Stathopoulos , Loukas Michalas , Ali Khiat , Alexantrou Serb , Themis Prodromakis

The true power of computational research typically can lay in either what it accomplishes or what it enables others to accomplish. In this work, both avenues are simultaneously embraced across several distinct efforts existing at three…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-11-06 Adam M. Krajewski