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We look for partition theorems for large subtrees for suitable uncountable trees and colourings. We concentrate on sub-trees of $^{\kappa \ge} 2$ expanded by a well ordering of each level. Unlike earlier works, we do not ask the embedding…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Saharon Shelah

Non-well-founded trees are used in mathematics and computer science, for modelling non-well-founded sets, as well as non-terminating processes or infinite data-structures. Categorically, they arise as final coalgebras for polynomial…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Benno van den Berg , Federico de Marchi

This paper, dating from May 1991, contains preliminary (and unpublishable) notes on investigations about iteration trees. They will be of interest only to the specialist. In the first two sections I define notions of support and embeddings…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 William Mitchell

Computing an optimal classification tree that provably maximizes training performance within a given size limit, is NP-hard, and in practice, most state-of-the-art methods do not scale beyond computing optimal trees of depth three.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Catalin E. Brita , Jacobus G. M. van der Linden , Emir Demirović

Common meadows are commutative and associative algebraic structures with two operations (addition and multiplication) with additive and multiplicative identities and for which inverses are total. The inverse of zero is an error term…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-06-10 João Dias , Bruno Dinis

To a given nonsingular triangular matrix A with entries from a ring, we associate a weighted bipartite graph G(A) and give a combinatorial description of the inverse of A by employing paths in G(A). Under a certain condition, nonsingular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-12 Ravindra Bapat , Ebrahim Ghorbani

Clustering serves as a vital tool for uncovering latent data structures, and achieving both high accuracy and interpretability is essential. To this end, existing methods typically construct binary decision trees by solving mixed-integer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Hayato Suzuki , Shunnosuke Ikeda , Yuichi Takano

When considering the number of subtrees of trees, the extremal structures which maximize this number among binary trees and trees with a given maximum degree lead to some interesting facts that correlate to other graphical indices in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-11 Xiu-Mei Zhang , Xiao-Dong Zhang , Daniel Gray , Hua Wang

Elliptic curves have a well-known and explicit theory for the construction and application of endomorphisms, which can be applied to improve performance in scalar multiplication. Recent work has extended these techniques to hyperelliptic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David R. Kohel , Benjamin A. Smith

We prove that given a fixed finite tree $P$, almost all trees contain $P$ as a subtree. Moreover, the inclusion can be made so that it induces an embedding of the corresponding (quantum) automorphism groups, thereby providing generic…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Lucas Alger , Julie Capron , Félix de la Salle

The Rabin tree theorem yields an algorithm to solve the satisfiability problem for monadic second-order logic over infinite trees. Here we solve the probabilistic variant of this problem. Namely, we show how to compute the probability that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Damian Niwiński , Paweł Parys , Michał Skrzypczak

In this paper, we investigate the structures of an extremal tree which has the minimal number of subtrees in the set of all trees with the given degree sequence of a tree. In particular, the extremal trees must be caterpillar and but in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-04 Xiu-Mei Zhang , Xiao-Dong Zhang

Using an iterative tree construction we show that for simple computable subsets of the Cantor space Hausdorff, constructive and computable dimensions might be incomputable.

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ludwig Staiger

In a supercritical branching particle system, the trimmed tree consists of those particles which have descendants at all times. We develop this concept in the superprocess setting. For a class of continuous superprocesses with Feller…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Klaus Fleischmann , Jan M. Swart

A tree ${\mathbb T} =\langle T\leq \rangle$ is reversible iff there is no order $\preccurlyeq \;\varsubsetneq \;\leq $ such that ${\mathbb T} \cong \langle T ,\preccurlyeq\rangle$. Using a characterization of reversibility via back and…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Miloš S. Kurilić

We introduce an efficient way, called Newton algorithm, to study arbitrary ideals in C[[x,y]], using a finite succession of Newton polygons. We codify most of the data of the algorithm in a useful combinatorial object, the Newton tree. For…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Pierrette Cassou-Noguès , Willem Veys

In this paper, we investigate adaptive nonlinear regression and introduce tree based piecewise linear regression algorithms that are highly efficient and provide significantly improved performance with guaranteed upper bounds in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-30 N. Denizcan Vanli , Suleyman S. Kozat

An infinite dimensional notion of asymptotic structure is considered. This notion is developed in terms of trees and branches on Banach spaces. Every countably infinite countably branching tree $\mathcal T$ of a certain type on a space X is…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Edward Odell , Thomas Schlumprecht

We show that a tree of order $n$ has at most $O(5^{n/4})$ nonisomorphic subtrees, and that this bound is best possible. We also prove an analogous result for the number of nonisomorphic rooted subtrees of a rooted tree.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-06 Éva Czabarka , László A. Székely , Stephan Wagner

We study the algorithmic complexity of embeddings between bi-embeddable equivalence structures. We define the notions of computable bi-embeddable categoricity, (relative) $\Delta^0_\alpha$ bi-embeddable categoricity, and degrees of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-03-16 Nikolay Bazhenov , Ekaterina Fokina , Dino Rossegger , Luca San Mauro