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We present a general method to unfold energy bands of supercell calculations to primitive Brillouin zone using group theoretical techniques, where an isomorphic factor group is introduced to connect the primitive translation group with the…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-19 Huaqing Huang , Fawei Zheng , Ping Zhang , Jian Wu , Bing-Lin Gu , Wenhui Duan

Unfolding of a supercell band structure into a primitive Brillouin zone is important for understanding implications of structural distortions, disorder, defects, solid solutions on materials electronic structure. Necessity of the band…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-07-28 Oleg Rubel , Jean-Baptiste Moussy , Paul Foulquier , Véronique Brouet

Band theory provides the foundation for understanding electronic structure in crystalline materials, but its reliance on exact translational symmetry limits its applicability to systems with defects, disorder, incommensurate modulations, or…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-08 Christopher A. Bairnsfather , Ralph M. Kaufmann , Terry A. Loring , Alexander Cerjan

We present a simple view on band unfolding of the energy bands obtained from supercell calculations. It relies on the relationship between the local density of states in reciprocal space (qLDOS) and the fully unfolded band structure. This…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-01-24 Sara G. Mayo , Felix Yndurain , Jose M. Soler

Band structure unfolding is a key technique for analyzing and simplifying the electronic band structure of large, internally distorted supercells that break the primitive cell's translational symmetry. In this work, we present an efficient…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-10 Jingkai Quan , Nikita Rybin , Matthias Scheffler , Christian Carbogno

A general method is presented to unfold band structures of first-principles super-cell calculations with proper spectral weight, allowing easier visualization of the electronic structure and the degree of broken translational symmetry. The…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-06-29 Wei Ku , Tom Berlijn , Chi-Cheng Lee

Modern computing facilities grant access to first-principles density-functional theory study of complex physical and chemical phenomena in materials, that require large supercell to properly model the system. However, supercells are…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-06-24 David Dirnberger , Georg Kresse , Cesare Franchini , Michele Reticcioli

The electronic band structure, describing the periodic dependence of electronic quantum states on lattice momentum in reciprocal space, is a fundamental concept in solid-state physics. However, it's only well-defined for static nuclei. To…

Thermal properties are of great interest in modern electronic devices and nanostructures. Calculating these properties is straightforward when the device is made from a pure material, but problems arise when alloys are used. Specifically,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Timothy B. Boykin , Arvind Ajoy , Hesameddin Ilatikhameneh , Michael Povolotskyi , Gerhard Klimeck

The band-unfolding method is widely used to calculate the effective band structures of a disordered system from its supercell model. The unfolded band structures show the crystallographic symmetry of the underlying structure, where the…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-01-18 Yuji Ikeda , Abel Carreras , Atsuto Seko , Atsushi Togo , Isao Tanaka

Motivated by the studies of the superconducting pairing states in the iron-based superconductors, we analyze the effects of Brillouin zone folding procedure from a space group symmetry perspective for a general class of materials with the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-11-25 Emilian M. Nica , Rong Yu , Qimiao Si

Complex bands $\vec{k}^{\perp}(E)$ in a semiconductor crystal, along a general direction $\vec{n}$, can be computed by casting Schr\"odinger's equation as a generalized polynomial eigenvalue problem. When working with primitive lattice…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-07-24 Arvind Ajoy , Kota V R M Murali , Shreepad Karmalkar

Unfolding the band structure of a supercell to a normal cell enables us to investigate how symmetry breakers such as surfaces and impurities perturb the band structure of the normal cell. We generalize the unfolding method, originally…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-08-07 Chi-Cheng Lee , Yukiko Yamada-Takamura , Taisuke Ozaki

Considered are eighty sets of layer groups, each set consisted of four groups: ordinary single and double, and gray single and double layer group. Structural properties of layer groups (factorization onto cyclic subgroups and existence of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 B. Nikolić , I. Milošević , T. Vuković , N. Lazić , S. Dmitrović , Z. Popović , M. Damnjanović

While the methodology of band structure unfolding has appeared in several publications, the original derivations of the unfolding formulas can be considerably simplified by using the $k$-projection method. In this work, more transparent…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-07-21 M. Farjam

Making use of a unified approach to certain classes of induced representations, we establish here a number of detailed spectral theoretic decomposition results. They apply to specific problems from non-commutative harmonic analysis, ergodic…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-08-13 Palle Jorgensen , Feng Tian

The electronic properties in a solid depend on the specific form of the wave-functions that represent the electronic states in the Brillouin zone. Since the discovery of topological insulators, much attention has been paid to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Luis Elcoro , Zhida Song , B. Andrei Bernevig

Supercells are often used in ab initio calculations to model compound alloys, surfaces and defects. One of the main challenges of supercell electronic structure calculations is to recover the Bloch character of electronic eigenstates…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-09-12 O. Rubel , A. Bokhanchuk , S. J. Ahmed , E. Assmann

We introduce a program named KPROJ that unfolds the electronic and phononic band structure of materials modeled by supercells. The program is based on the $\textit{k}$-projection method, which projects the wavefunction of the supercell onto…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-17 Jiaxin Chen , M. Weinert , Mingxing Chen

We construct an efficient momentum space approach to the superconductivity in quasiperiodic multilayer systems. To this end, we extend the Brillouin zone (BZ) folding method to the superconducting (SC) phases by formulating the gap equation…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-01-17 Mao Yoshii , Sota Kitamura , Takahiro Morimoto
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