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The contextual multi-armed bandit (MAB) is a widely used framework for problems requiring sequential decision-making under uncertainty, such as recommendation systems. In applications involving a large number of users, the performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Zhiyong Wang , Jiahang Sun , Mingze Kong , Jize Xie , Qinghua Hu , John C. S. Lui , Zhongxiang Dai

We consider the problem of contextual bandits and imitation learning, where the learner lacks direct knowledge of the executed action's reward. Instead, the learner can actively query an expert at each round to compare two actions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Ayush Sekhari , Karthik Sridharan , Wen Sun , Runzhe Wu

Traditionally, when recommender systems are formalized as multi-armed bandits, the policy of the recommender system influences the rewards accrued, but not the length of interaction. However, in real-world systems, dissatisfied users may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Omer Ben-Porat , Lee Cohen , Liu Leqi , Zachary C. Lipton , Yishay Mansour

In many fields such as digital marketing, healthcare, finance, and robotics, it is common to have a well-tested and reliable baseline policy running in production (e.g., a recommender system). Nonetheless, the baseline policy is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Evrard Garcelon , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Alessandro Lazaric , Matteo Pirotta

Although real-world decision-making problems can often be encoded as causal multi-armed bandits (CMABs) at different levels of abstraction, a general methodology exploiting the information and computational advantages of each abstraction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Joel Dyer , Nicholas Bishop , Anisoara Calinescu , Michael Wooldridge , Fabio Massimo Zennaro

In this paper, we study multi-armed bandit problems in explore-then-commit setting. In our proposed explore-then-commit setting, the goal is to identify the best arm after a pure experimentation (exploration) phase and exploit it once or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Ali Yekkehkhany , Ebrahim Arian , Mohammad Hajiesmaili , Rakesh Nagi

Contextual multi-armed bandit has shown to be an effective tool in recommender systems. In this paper, we study a novel problem of multi-facet bandits involving a group of bandits, each characterizing the users' needs from one unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Yikun Ban , Jingrui He , Curtiss B. Cook

We study a structured multi-agent multi-armed bandit (MAMAB) problem in a dynamic environment. A graph reflects the information-sharing structure among agents, and the arms' reward distributions are piecewise-stationary with several unknown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Xiaotong Cheng , Setareh Maghsudi

Bandit learning is characterized by the tension between long-term exploration and short-term exploitation. However, as has recently been noted, in settings in which the choices of the learning algorithm correspond to important decisions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-11 Sampath Kannan , Jamie Morgenstern , Aaron Roth , Bo Waggoner , Zhiwei Steven Wu

We consider a variant of the multi-armed bandit model, which we call multi-armed bandit problem with known trend, where the gambler knows the shape of the reward function of each arm but not its distribution. This new problem is motivated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Djallel Bouneffouf , Raphaël Feraud

Existing risk-aware multi-armed bandit models typically focus on risk measures of individual options such as variance. As a result, they cannot be directly applied to important real-world online decision making problems with correlated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Yihan Du , Siwei Wang , Zhixuan Fang , Longbo Huang

Contextual Bandits find important use cases in various real-life scenarios such as online advertising, recommendation systems, healthcare, etc. However, most of the algorithms use flat feature vectors to represent context whereas, in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Kaushik Roy , Qi Zhang , Manas Gaur , Amit Sheth

Conservative Contextual Bandits (CCBs) address safety in sequential decision making by requiring that an agent's policy, along with minimizing regret, also satisfies a safety constraint: the performance is not worse than a baseline policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Rohan Deb , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Arindam Banerjee

Recommender systems play a crucial role in internet economies by connecting users with relevant products. However, designing effective recommender systems faces the key challenges: the exploration-exploitation tradeoff in securing incentive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuantong Li , Guang Cheng , Xiaowu Dai

We study how to learn optimal interventions sequentially given causal information represented as a causal graph along with associated conditional distributions. Causal modeling is useful in real world problems like online advertisement…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-12 Yangyi Lu , Amirhossein Meisami , Ambuj Tewari , Zhenyu Yan

We study contextual bandits with budget and time constraints, referred to as constrained contextual bandits.The time and budget constraints significantly complicate the exploration and exploitation tradeoff because they introduce complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Huasen Wu , R. Srikant , Xin Liu , Chong Jiang

We consider the problem of personalised news recommendation where each user consumes news in a sequential fashion. Existing personalised news recommendation methods focus on exploiting user interests and ignores exploration in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Mengyan Zhang , Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Fangzhao Wu , Zhenyu He , Xing Xie , Cheng Soon Ong

We consider a resource-aware variant of the classical multi-armed bandit problem: In each round, the learner selects an arm and determines a resource limit. It then observes a corresponding (random) reward, provided the (random) amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Viktor Bengs , Eyke Hüllermeier

Decision making is a challenging task in online recommender systems. The decision maker often needs to choose a contextual item at each step from a set of candidates. Contextual bandit algorithms have been successfully deployed to such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Feiyang Pan , Qingpeng Cai , Pingzhong Tang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Qing He

Cooperative multi-agent decision making involves a group of agents cooperatively solving learning problems while communicating over a network with delays. In this paper, we consider the kernelised contextual bandit problem, where the reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Abhimanyu Dubey , Alex Pentland
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