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We study families of partitions with gap conditions that were introduced by Schur and Andrews, and describe their fundamental connections to combinatorial q-series and automorphic forms. In particular, we show that the generating functions…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-09 Kathrin Bringmann , Karl Mahlburg

We prove exact identities for convolution sums of divisor functions of the form $\sum_{n_1 \in \mathbb{Z} \smallsetminus \{0,n\}}\varphi(n_1,n-n_1)\sigma_{2m_1}(n_1)\sigma_{2m_2}(n-n_1)$ where $\varphi(n_1,n_2)$ is a Laurent polynomial with…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Ksenia Fedosova , Kim Klinger-Logan , Danylo Radchenko

Considering Schur positivity of differences of plethysms of homogeneous symmetric functions, we introduce a new relation on integer partitions. This relation is conjectured to be a partial order, with its restriction to one part partitions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-04 Étienne Tétreault

We present closed forms for several functions that are fundamental in number theory and we explain the method used to obtain them. Concretely, we find formulas for the p-adic valuation, the number-of-divisors function, the sum-of-divisors…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-19 Mihai Prunescu , Lorenzo Sauras-Altuzarra

Sander Zwegers showed that Ramanujan's mock theta functions are $q$-hypergeometric series, whose $q$-expansion coefficients are half of the Fourier coefficients of a non-holomorphic modular form. George Andrews, Henri Cohen, Freeman Dyson,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-14 Yingkun Li , Hieu T. Ngo , Robert C. Rhoades

Using partition generating function techniques, we prove $q$-series analogues of a formula of Frobenius generalizing Abel's convergence theorem for complex power series. Frobenius' result states that for $|q|<1$, $\lim_{q\to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Robert Schneider

J.P. Serre showed that for any integer $m,~a(n)\equiv 0 \pmod m$ for almost all $n,$ where $a(n)$ is the $n^{\text{th}}$ Fourier coefficient of any modular form with rational coefficients. In this article, we consider a certain class of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-05 Subham Bhakta , S. Krishnamoorthy , R. Muneeswaran

Fractional $q$-extensions of some classical $q$-orthogonal polynomials are introduced and some of the main properties of the new defined functions are given. Next, a fractional $q$-difference equation of Gauss type is introduced and solved…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-12-28 P. Njionou Sadjang , S. Mboutngam

Using Watson's terminating $_8\phi_7$ transformation formula, we prove a family of $q$-congruences modulo the square of a cyclotomic polynomial, which were originally conjectured by the author and Zudilin [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 475 (2019),…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-23 Victor J. W. Guo

We prove explicit formulas for certain first and second moment sums of families of Gaussian hypergeometric functions $_{n+1}F_n$, $n\ge1$, over finite fields with $q$ elements where $q$ is an odd prime. This enables us to find an estimate…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-08 Ankan Pal , Bidisha Roy , Mohammad Sadek

Let $f=\sum_{n=0}^\infty f_n x^n \in \overline{\mathbb Q}[[x]$ be a solution of an algebraic differential equation $Q(x,y(x), \ldots, y^{(k)}(x))=0$, where $Q$ is a multivariate polynomial with coefficients in $\overline{\mathbb Q}$. The…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Christian Krattenthaler , Tanguy Rivoal

By using Andrews's explicit formulae of the $q$-Fibonacci sequence introduced by Schur, we prove certain congruences of the $q$-Fibonacci sequence which relate the sequence with the original Fibonacci sequence. As a corollary, we show that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Takumi Anzawa , Hidetaka Funakura

We consider a new class $\boldsymbol{Q}$ of distribution functions $F$ that have the property of rational-infinite divisibility: there exist some infinitely divisible distribution functions $F_1$ and $F_2$ such that $F_1=F*F_2$. A…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-06 A. A. Khartov

Gross and Zagier proved a formula for the absolute norm N(j(\alpha_1) - j(\alpha_2)) of a difference of singular values of the modular function j. We formulate and prove the analogues of their result for a number of functions of level 2 and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Hans Roskam

In 1923 Schur considered the following problem. Let f(X) be a polynomial with integer coefficients that induces a bijection on the residue fields Z/pZ for infinitely many primes p. His conjecture, that such polynomials are compositions of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Robert M. Guralnick , Peter Müller , Jan Saxl

We study the splitting fields of the family of polynomials $f_n(X)= X^n-X-1$. This family of polynomials has been much studied in the literature and has some remarkable properties. Serre related the function on primes $N_p(f_n)$, for a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-01 Chandrashekhar B. Khare , Alfio Fabio La Rosa , Gabor Wiese

We consider a q-analogue of the standard bilinear form on the commutative ring of symmetric functions. The q=-1 case leads to a Z-graded Hopf superalgebra which we call the algebra of odd symmetric functions. In the odd setting we describe…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2013-09-19 Alexander P. Ellis , Mikhail Khovanov

Effective periods were defined by Kontsevich and Zagier as complex numbers whose real and imaginary parts are values of absolutely convergent integrals of $\mathbb{Q}$-rational functions over $\mathbb{Q}$-semi-algebraic domains in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-15 Jacky Cresson , Juan Viu-Sos

Modular equations occur in number theory, but it is less known that such equations also occur in the study of deformation properties of quasiconformal mappings. The authors study two important plane quasiconformal distortion functions,…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2008-05-11 G. D. Anderson , S. -L. Qiu , M. Vuorinen

A set of functions is defined which is indexed by a positive integer $n$ and partitions of integers. The case $n=1$ reproduces the standard Schur polynomials. These functions are seen to arise naturally as a determinant of an action on the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alex Kasman