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Under normal circumstances most members of the general relativity community focus almost exclusively on the local properties of spacetime, such as the locally Euclidean structure of the manifold and the Lorentzian signature of the metric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-28 Deloshan Nawarajan , Matt Visser

The starting point of this work is the principle that all movement of particles and photons in the observable Universe must follow geodesics of a 4-dimensional space where time intervals are always a measure of geodesic arc lengths, i.e.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose B. Almeida

Substructural logics naturally support a quantitative interpretation of formulas, as they are seen as consumable resources. Distances are the quantitative counterpart of equivalence relations: they measure how much two objects are similar,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Francesco Dagnino , Fabio Pasquali

The main purpose of this paper is to develop some methods to investigate equivalent norms and Hardy-Littlewood type Theorems on Lipschitz type spaces of analytic functions and complex-valued harmonic functions. Initially, some…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Shaolin Chen , Hidetaka Hamada

The problem of formulating synchronous variational principles in the context of General Relativity is discussed. Based on the analogy with classical relativistic particle dynamics, the existence of variational principles is pointed out in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-16 Claudio Cremaschini , Massimo Tessarotto

Suppose $X$ is an $\rm{RCD}(K,N)$ space with $K \in \mathbb{R}$ and $N \in (1,\infty)$. We obtain a characterisation of the Newtonian-Sobolev space $N^{1,2}(X)$ in terms of a quantity which measures to what extent a function is locally…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Matthew Hyde

Sinkhorn divergence is a measure of dissimilarity between two probability measures. It is obtained through adding an entropic regularization term to Kantorovich's optimal transport problem and can hence be viewed as an entropically…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-01 Mohammad Motamed

We consider the classical Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces defined via differences and prove a homogeneity property for functions with bounded support in the frame of these spaces. As the proof is based on compact embeddings between the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-12-15 Cornelia Schneider , Jan Vybíral

The central limit theorem, the invariance principle and the Poisson limit theorem for the hierarchy of freeness are studied. We show that for given natural m the limit laws can be expressed in terms of non-crossing partitions of depth…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2014-07-25 Uwe Franz , Romuald Lenczewski

We establish effective convergence rates in the Doeblin-Lenstra law, describing the limiting distribution of approximation coefficients arising from continued fraction convergents of a typical real number. More generally, we prove…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Gaurav Aggarwal , Anish Ghosh

This novel approach to the foundation of the physical theory begins with Hermann von Helmholtz fundamental analysis of basic measurements. We explain the mathematical formalism from the operationalization of basic observables. According to…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-12-04 Bruno Hartmann

In a surprising recent work, Lemke Oliver and Soundararajan noticed how experimental data exhibits erratic distributions for consecutive pairs of primes in arithmetic progressions, and proposed a heuristic model based on the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-29 Chantal David , Lucile Devin , Jungbae Nam , Jeremy Schlitt

Reductionism is a prevalent viewpoint in science according to which all physical phenomena can be understood from fundamental laws of physics. Anderson [Science, 177, 393 (1972)], Laughlin and Pines [PNAS, 97, 28 (2000)], and others have…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-11-25 Mahendra K. Verma

Understanding the nature of time remains a key unsolved problem in science. Newton in the Principia asserted an absolute universal time that {\it `flows equably'}. Hamilton then proposed a mathematical unification of space and time within…

General Physics · Physics 2015-11-02 James M. Chappell , John G. Hartnett , Azhar Iqbal , Nicolangelo Iannella , Derek Abbott

Furstenberg, Katznelson and Weiss proved in the early 1980s that every measurable subset of the plane with positive density at infinity has the property that all sufficiently large real numbers are realised as the Euclidean distance between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-18 Ian D. Morris

We study algorithmic randomness notions via effective versions of almost-everywhere theorems from analysis and ergodic theory. The effectivization is in terms of objects described by a computably enumerable set, such as lower semicomputable…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-03-22 Kenshi Miyabe , André Nies , Jing Zhang

The classical Littlewood's theorem establishes boundedness and provides a norm estimate for composition operators on the Hardy space. In this paper, we offer an alternative proof of boundedness and derive a new norm estimate that improves…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Preeti Kumari , P. Muthukumar , Jaydeb Sarkar

We describe a construction process of a relevant measure in any non-empty compact metric space. This probability measure has invariance properties with respect to isometric maps defined on open sets. These properties imply that this measure…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-23 Jean-Yves Larrieu

We introduce a model of the set of all Polish (=separable complete metric) spaces: the cone $\cal R$ of distance matrices, and consider geometric and probabilistic problems connected with this object. The notion of the universal distance…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Vershik

There are two definitions of the measurable functional on the topological vector space: as a linear and measurable real-valued function and as a pointwise limit of the sequence of the continious linear functionals. In general case they are…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-23 Denis Fufaev