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Standard ad auction formats do not immediately extend to settings where multiple size configurations and layouts are available to advertisers. In these settings, the sale of web advertising space increasingly resembles a combinatorial…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Rad Niazadeh , Jason Hartline , Nicole Immorlica , Mohammad Reza Khani , Brendan Lucier

Combinatorial auctions are formulated as frustrated lattice gases on sparse random graphs, allowing the determination of the optimal revenue by methods of statistical physics. Transitions between computationally easy and hard regimes are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Tobias Galla , Michele Leone , Matteo Marsili , Mauro Sellitto , Martin Weigt , Riccardo Zecchina

This paper presents models for predicted click-through rates in position auctions that take into account two possibilities that are not normally considered---that the identities of ads shown in other positions may affect the probability…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-17 Patrick Hummel , R. Preston McAfee

Internet ad auctions have evolved from a few lines of text to richer informational layouts that include images, sitelinks, videos, etc. Ads in these new formats occupy varying amounts of space, and an advertiser can provide multiple…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Gagan Aggarwal , Kshipra Bhawalkar , Aranyak Mehta , Divyarthi Mohan , Alexandros Psomas

Bidding in simultaneous auctions is challenging because an agent's value for a good in one auction may depend on the uncertain outcome of other auctions: the so-called exposure problem. Given the gap in understanding of general simultaneous…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Michael P. Wellman , Eric Sodomka , Amy Greenwald

In this study, we apply reinforcement learning techniques and propose what we call reinforcement mechanism design to tackle the dynamic pricing problem in sponsored search auctions. In contrast to previous game-theoretical approaches that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Weiran Shen , Binghui Peng , Hanpeng Liu , Michael Zhang , Ruohan Qian , Yan Hong , Zhi Guo , Zongyao Ding , Pengjun Lu , Pingzhong Tang

Budget constraints are ubiquitous in online advertisement auctions. To manage these constraints and smooth out the expenditure across auctions, the bidders (or the platform on behalf of them) often employ pacing: each bidder is assigned a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Xi Chen , Christian Kroer , Rachitesh Kumar

In programmatic advertising, ad slots are usually sold using second-price (SP) auctions in real-time. The highest bidding advertiser wins but pays only the second-highest bid (known as the winning price). In SP, for a single item, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Aritra Ghosh , Saayan Mitra , Somdeb Sarkhel , Jason Xie , Gang Wu , Viswanathan Swaminathan

Auctions play an important role in electronic commerce, and have been used to solve problems in distributed computing. Automated approaches to designing effective auction mechanisms are helpful in reducing the burden of traditional game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-02-08 Jinzhong Niu , Kai Cai , Simon Parsons

In this paper, we investigate the computation of second-price pacing equilibria (SPPEs), a foundational model in online advertising auctions. We present a polynomial-time algorithm for computing exact SPPEs in instances with a constant…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yiyang Huang , Yonglei Yan , Zihe Wang , Zhengyang Liu

Digital advertising platforms and publishers sell ad inventory that conveys targeting information, such as demographic, contextual, or behavioral audience segments, to advertisers. While revealing this information improves ad relevance, it…

General Economics · Economics 2026-01-15 Srinivas Tunuguntla , Carl F. Mela , Jason Pratt

We study auction design when a seller relies on machine-learning predictions of bidders' valuations that may be unreliable. Motivated by modern ML systems that are often accurate but occasionally fail in a way that is essentially…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Ilan Lobel , Humberto Moreira , Omar Mouchtaki

We present a deterministic exploration mechanism for sponsored search auctions, which enables the auctioneer to learn the relevance scores of advertisers, and allows advertisers to estimate the true value of clicks generated at the auction…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Sudhir Kumar Singh , Vwani P. Roychowdhury , Milan Bradonjić , Behnam A. Rezaei

Modern commercial Internet search engines display advertisements along side the search results in response to user queries. Such sponsored search relies on market mechanisms to elicit prices for these advertisements, making use of an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Jon Feldman , S. Muthukrishnan

We study the optimal placement of advertisements for interactive platforms like conversational AI assistants. Importantly, conversations add a feature absent in canonical search markets -- time. The evolution of a conversation is…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-02-06 Martino Banchio , Aranyak Mehta , Andres Perlroth

Sponsored search auctions are commonly modeled as an assignment of a fixed set of slots (positions) to a set of advertisers, with welfare maximization being reducible to a standard matching problem. Motivated by modern ad formats, we study…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Eleni Batziou , Georgios Birmpas , Georgios Chionas , Piotr Krysta

In mechanism design, it is challenging to design the optimal auction with correlated values in general settings. Although value distribution can be further exploited to improve revenue, the complex correlation structure makes it hard to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Da Huo , Zhilin Zhang , Zhenzhe Zheng , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Fan Wu

In a sponsored search auction the advertisement slots on a search result page are generally ordered by click-through rate. Bidders have a valuation, which is usually assumed to be linear in the click-through rate, a budget constraint, and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-12-30 Riccardo Colini-Baldeschi , Monika Henzinger , Stefano Leonardi , Martin Starnberger

Sponsored Search Auctions (SSAs) arguably represent the problem at the intersection of computer science and economics with the deepest applications in real life. Within the realm of SSAs, the study of the effects that showing one ad has on…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-15 Nicola Gatti , Marco Rocco , Paolo Serafino , Carmine Ventre

We study revenue optimization pricing algorithms for repeated posted-price auctions where a seller interacts with a single strategic buyer that holds a fixed private valuation. We show that, in the case when both the seller and the buyer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Arsenii Vanunts , Alexey Drutsa