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This work analyzes centered binary Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) and binary Deep Boltzmann Machines (DBMs), where centering is done by subtracting offset values from visible and hidden variables. We show analytically that (i)…
We introduce the truncated Gaussian graphical model (TGGM) as a novel framework for designing statistical models for nonlinear learning. A TGGM is a Gaussian graphical model (GGM) with a subset of variables truncated to be nonnegative. The…
Fair machine learning (ML) methods help identify and mitigate the risk that algorithms encode or automate social injustices. Algorithmic approaches alone cannot resolve structural inequalities, but they can support socio-technical decision…
It is widely known that Boltzmann machines are capable of representing arbitrary probability distributions over the values of their visible neurons, given enough hidden ones. However, sampling -- and thus training -- these models can be…
Nonnegative Boltzmann machines (NNBMs) are recurrent probabilistic neural network models that can describe multi-modal nonnegative data. NNBMs form rectified Gaussian distributions that appear in biological neural network models, positive…
Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are widely used probabilistic undirected graphical models with visible and latent nodes, playing an important role in statistics and machine learning. The task of structure learning for RBMs involves…
Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are one of the fundamental building blocks of deep learning. Approximate maximum likelihood training of RBMs typically necessitates sampling from these models. In many training scenarios, computationally…
The possibility of employing restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) for collaborative filtering has been known for about a decade. However, there has been hardly any work on this topic since 2007. This work revisits the application of RBM in…
We propose an interdisciplinary framework that combines Bayesian predictive inference, a well-established tool in Machine Learning, with Formal Methods rooted in the computer science community. Bayesian predictive inference allows for…
Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are endowed with the universal power of modeling (binary) joint distributions. Meanwhile, as a result of their confining network structure, training RBMs confronts less difficulties (compared with more…
The Gaussian-Bernoulli restricted Boltzmann machine (GB-RBM) is a useful generative model that captures meaningful features from the given $n$-dimensional continuous data. The difficulties associated with learning GB-RBM are reported…
Gaussian graphical models (GGMs) are widely used for statistical modeling, because of ease of inference and the ubiquitous use of the normal distribution in practical approximations. However, they are also known for their limited modeling…
A new approach to maximum likelihood learning of discrete graphical models and RBM in particular is introduced. Our method, Perturb and Descend (PD) is inspired by two ideas (I) perturb and MAP method for sampling (II) learning by…
Deep learning methods relying on multi-layered networks have been actively studied in a wide range of fields in recent years, and deep Boltzmann machines(DBMs) is one of them. In this study, a model of DBMs with some properites of weight…
Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are a powerful class of generative models, but their training requires computing a gradient that, unlike supervised backpropagation on typical loss functions, is notoriously difficult even to…
This paper describes a novel energy-based probabilistic distribution that represents complex-valued data and explains how to apply it to direct feature extraction from complex-valued spectra. The proposed model, the complex-valued…
In higher educational institutes, many students have to struggle hard to complete different courses since there is no dedicated support offered to students who need special attention in the registered courses. Machine learning techniques…
In this study, a novel machine learning algorithm, restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), is introduced. The algorithm is applied for the spectral classification in astronomy. RBM is a bipartite generative graphical model with two separate…
We show that the Bregman divergence provides a rich framework to estimate unnormalized statistical models for continuous or discrete random variables, that is, models which do not integrate or sum to one, respectively. We prove that recent…
The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is a flexible tool for modeling complex data, however there have been significant computational difficulties in using RBMs to model high-dimensional multinomial observations. In natural language…