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It is shown that a first-order cosmological perturbation theory for the open, flat and closed Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker universes admits one, and only one, gauge-invariant variable which describes the perturbation to the energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-02 P. G. Miedema , W. A. van Leeuwen

We develop a second-order cosmological perturbation theory on a background geometry expressed in terms of light-cone coordinates, extending the first-order analyses available in the literature. In particular, we investigate the gauge…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-30 Pierre Béchaz , Giuseppe Fanizza , Giovanni Marozzi , Matheus R. Medeiros Silva

Gauge-invariant treatments of general-relativistic higher-order perturbations on generic background spacetime is proposed. After reviewing the general framework of the second-order gauge-invariant perturbation theory, we show the fact that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-05-24 Kouji Nakamura

We present some accurate and efficient computations of large scale structure observables, obtained with a modified version of the CLASS code which is made publicly available. This code includes all relativistic corrections and computes both…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-04 Enea Di Dio , Francesco Montanari , Julien Lesgourgues , Ruth Durrer

We present the second-order general relativistic description of the observed galaxy number density in a cosmological framework. The observed galaxy number density is affected by the volume and the source effects, both of which arise due to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Jaiyul Yoo , Matias Zaldarriaga

A proposal for the issue of time and observables in any parameterized theory such as general relativity is addressed. Introduction of a gauge potential 3-form A in the theory of relativity enables us to define a gauge-invariant quantity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-01-30 Hossein Farajollahi

We discuss the dominant terms of the relativistic galaxy number counts to second order in cosmological perturbation theory on sub-Hubble scales and on intermediate to large redshifts. In particular, we determine their contribution to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-13 Enea Di Dio , Ruth Durrer , Giovanni Marozzi , Francesco Montanari

Theoretical descriptions of observable quantities in cosmological perturbation theory should be independent of coordinate systems. This statement is often referred to as gauge-invariance of observable quantities, and the sanity of their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-20 Jaiyul Yoo , Ruth Durrer

We compute the fluctuations in gravitational lens image positions and time delay caused by large scale structure correlations. We show that these fluctuations can be expressed as a simple integral over the density power spectrum. Using the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Uros Seljak

We compute the dipole of the galaxy correlation function at 1-loop in perturbation theory by including all the relevant relativistic contributions. This provides a description and understanding of what the dipole truly measures, in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-06 Enea Di Dio , Uros Seljak

We propose an analytic procedure that allows to determine quantitatively the deviation in the behavior of cosmological perturbations between a given f(R) modified gravity model and a LCDM reference model. Our method allows to study…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Daniele Bertacca , Nicola Bartolo , Sabino Matarrese

Using a fully gauge-invariant approach, we compute for the first time in the literature relativistic effects on the redshift drift up to second order in cosmological perturbation theory. This is achieved by employing a set of light-cone…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-30 Pierre Béchaz , Giuseppe Fanizza , Giovanni Marozzi , Matheus R. Medeiros Silva

The Large-Scale Structure (LSS) of the Universe provides valuable information for modern cosmology. The future redshift surveys, as DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument), will measure millions of galaxies and quasars, which allows to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-27 Dante V. Gomez-Navarro

Inspired by the fully non-linear Geodesic Light-Cone (GLC) gauge, we consider its analogous set of coordinates which describes the unperturbed Universe. Given this starting point, we then build a cosmological perturbation theory on top of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-15 Giuseppe Fanizza , Giovanni Marozzi , Matheus Medeiros , Gloria Schiaffino

Accounting for all the relativistic effects, we have developed the fully nonlinear gauge-invariant formalism for describing the cosmological observables and presented the second-order perturbative expressions associated with light…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-03 Matteo Magi , Jaiyul Yoo

Using the linear theory of perturbations in General Relativity, we express a set of consistency relations that can be observationally tested with current and future large scale structure surveys. We then outline a stringent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yong-Seon Song , Olivier Doré

We study the effects of large-scale density fluctuations on strong gravitational lensing. Previous studies have focused mostly on weak lensing, since large-scale structure alone cannot produce multiple images. When a galaxy or cluster acts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Rennan Bar-Kana

The precision reached by current and forthcoming strong-lensing observations requires to accurately model various perturbations to the main deflector. Hitherto, theoretical models have been developed to account for either cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-10 Pierre Fleury , Julien Larena , Jean-Philippe Uzan

I examine the interpretation of photon redshifts in curved spacetime, as being gravitational or Doppler in origin. In Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker spacetime, redshifts between comoving observers are often attributed to "expanding…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-14 Colin MacLaurin

These lectures deal with our current knowledge of the matter distribution in the universe, focusing on how this is studied via the large-scale structure seen in galaxy surveys. We first assemble the necessary basics needed to understand the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. A. Peacock