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The abstract tile assembly model (aTam) is a model of DNA self-assembly. Most of the studies focus on cooperative aTAM where a form of synchronization between the tiles is possible. Simulating Turing machines is achievable in this context.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sergiu Ivanov , Damien Regnault

A \emph{pier fractal} is a discrete self-similar fractal whose generator contains at least one \emph{pier}, that is, a member of the generator with exactly one adjacent point. Tree fractals and pinch-point fractals are special cases of pier…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-06-18 David Furcy , Scott M. Summers

We investigate modified Sierpi\'nski Carpet fractals, constructed by dividing a square into a square $n \times n$ grid, removing a subset of the squares at each step, and then repeating that process for each square remaining in that grid.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Jade Leathrum

In contrast to most self-assembling synthetic materials, which undergo unbounded growth, many biological self-assembly processes are self-limited. That is, the assembled structures have one or more finite dimensions that are much larger…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-05-25 Huang Fang , Botond Tyukodi , W. Benjamin Rogers , Michael F. Hagan

In this paper, we study the minimum number of unique tile types required for the self-assembly of thin rectangles in Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM), restricted to temperature-1. Using Catalan numbers, planar self-assembly and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-06-18 David Furcy , Scott M. Summers , Christian Wendlandt

In this work we propose a generalization of Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) in which tile types are assigned rigid shapes, or geometries, along each tile face. We examine the number of distinct tile types needed to assemble…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Bin Fu , Matthew J. Patitz , Robert T. Schweller , Bobby Sheline

We review some recent results related to the self-assembly of infinite structures in the Tile Assembly Model. These results include impossibility results, as well as novel tile assembly systems in which shapes and patterns that represent…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-06-19 Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers

We show that the Tile Assembly Model exhibits a strong notion of universality where the goal is to give a single tile assembly system that simulates the behavior of any other tile assembly system. We give a tile assembly system that is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-09-08 David Doty , Jack H. Lutz , Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers , Damien Woods

We introduce a new model of algorithmic tile self-assembly called size-dependent assembly. In previous models, supertiles are stable when the total strength of the bonds between any two halves exceeds some constant temperature. In this…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Sándor P. Fekete , Robert T. Schweller , Andrew Winslow

We define the Reflexive Tile Assembly Model (RTAM), which is obtained from the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) by allowing tiles to reflect across their horizontal and/or vertical axes. We show that the class of directed temperature-1…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers

Self-assembly of complex and functional materials remains a grand challenge in soft material science. Efficient assembly depends on a delicate balance between thermodynamic and kinetic effects, requiring fine-tuning affinities and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-11-14 Wei-Shao Wei , Anthony Trubiano , Christian Sigl , Stefan Paquay , Hendrik Dietz , Michael F. Hagan , Seth Fraden

We discuss the self-assembly system of triangular tiles instead of square tiles, in particular right triangular tiles and equilateral triangular tiles. We show that the triangular tile assembly system, either deterministic or…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-03-01 Lila Kari , Shinnosuke Seki , Zhi Xu

We introduce a new property of tile self-assembly systems that we call size-separability. A system is size-separable if every terminal assembly is a constant factor larger than any intermediate assembly. Size-separability is motivated by…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-04-30 Andrew Winslow

In this paper, we propose to enumerate all different configurations belonging to a specific class of fractals: A binary initial tile is selected and a finite recursive tiling process is engaged to produce auto-similar binary patterns. For…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Hassan Douzi

In this paper we demonstrate the power of a model of tile self-assembly based on active glues which can dynamically change state. We formulate the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), based on the model of Padilla, Liu, and Seeman to…

This paper concerns the self-assembly of scaled-up versions of arbitrary finite shapes. We work in the multiple temperature model that was introduced by Aggarwal, Cheng, Goldwasser, Kao, and Schweller (Complexities for Generalized Models of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-09-30 Scott M. Summers

This short survey of recent work in tile self-assembly discusses the use of simulation to classify and separate the computational and expressive power of self-assembly models. The journey begins with the result that there is a single…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Damien Woods

In this paper are investigated strictly self-similar fractals that are composed of an infinite number of regular star-polygons, also known as Sierpinski $n$-gons, $n$-flakes or polyflakes. Construction scheme for Sierpinsky $n$-gon and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-02-06 Vassil Tzanov

In this paper we define the Dupled abstract Tile Assembly Model (DaTAM), which is a slight extension to the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) that allows for not only the standard square tiles, but also "duple" tiles which are rectangles…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-03-10 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers , Scott M. Summers

Self-assembly is one of the prevalent strategies used by living systems to fabricate ensembles of precision nanometer-scale structures and devices. The push for analogous approaches to create synthetic nanomaterials has led to the…