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Explosive data traffic growth leads to a continuous surge in capacity demands across mobile networks. In order to provision high network capacity, small cell base stations (SCBSs) are widely deployed. Owing to the close proximity to mobile…
With small cell base stations (SBSs) densely deployed in addition to conventional macro base stations (MBSs), the heterogeneous cellular network (HCN) architecture can effectively boost network capacity. To support the huge power demand of…
The design of self-sustainable base station (BS) deployments is addressed in this paper: BSs have energy harvesting and storage capabilities, they can use ambient energy to serve the local traffic or store it for later use. A dedicated…
This study introduces and addresses the critical challenge of traffic load estimation in cell switching within vertical heterogeneous networks. The effectiveness of cell switching is significantly limited by the lack of accurate traffic…
The impact of information and communication technologies on global energy consumption is increasing every year, and mobile networks account for a significant portion of it. More than 50% of the total energy consumption of mobile networks is…
Improving energy efficiency is key to network providers maintaining profit levels and an acceptable carbon footprint in the face of rapidly increasing data traffic in cellular networks in the coming years. The energy-saving concept studied…
In the evolving landscape of vertical heterogeneous networks, the practice of cell switching particularly for small base stations faces a significant challenge due to the lack of accurate data on the traffic load of sleeping SBSs. This…
Data applications may typically tolerate a moderate delay before packet transmission between user equipment (UE) and cell begins. This delay can be taken advantage to reduce the communication distance, improve coverage probability, and…
The massive deployment of small cell Base Stations (SBSs) empowered with computing capabilities presents one of the most ingenious solutions adopted for 5G cellular networks towards meeting the foreseen data explosion and the ultra-low…
The demand for communication services in the era of intelligent terminals is unprecedented and huge. To meet such development, modern wireless communications must provide higher quality services with higher energy efficiency in terms of…
In heterogeneous networks (HetNets), how to improve spectrum efficiency is a crucial issue. Meanwhile increased energy consumption inspires network operators to deploy renewable energy sources as assistance to traditional electricity. Based…
The growing demand for mobile data services in dense urban areas has intensified the need for energy-efficient radio access networks (RANs) in future 6G systems. In this context, one promising strategy is cell switching (CS), which…
The service provided by mobile networks operated today is not adapted to spatio-temporal fluctuations in traffic demand, although such fluctuations offer opportunities for energy savings. In particular, significant gains in energy…
Traditional macro-cell networks are experiencing an upsurge of data traffic, and small-cells are deployed to help offload the traffic from macro-cells. Given the massive deployment of small-cells in a macro-cell, the aggregate power…
Cellular operators are increasingly turning towards renewable energy (RE) as an alternative to using traditional electricity in order to reduce operational expenditure and carbon footprint. Due to the randomness in both RE generation and…
A dense deployment of on-grid small cell base stations (SBSs) in a heterogeneous cellular network (HCN) results in large power consumption which can be reduced by utilizing harvested energy from scavenge sources. Recently, a new layout for…
This study aims to introduce and address the problem of traffic load estimation in the cell switching concept within the evolving landscape of vertical heterogeneous networks (vHetNets). The problem is that the practice of cell switching…
Future wireless networks powered by renewable energy sources and storage systems (e.g., batteries) require energy-aware mechanisms to ensure stability in critical and high-demand scenarios. These include large-scale user gatherings,…
The rapid growth of radio access networks (RANs) is increasing energy consumption and challenging the sustainability of future systems. We consider a dense-urban vertical heterogeneous network (vHetNet) comprising a high-altitude platform…
Next generation (5G) cellular networks are expected to be supported by an extensive infrastructure with many-fold increase in the number of cells per unit area compared to today. The total energy consumption of base transceiver stations…