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Sparse Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods are efficient tools to reduce the dimension (or the number of variables) of complex data. Sparse principal components (PCs) are easier to interpret than conventional PCs, because most…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-04-22 Dan Shen , Haipeng Shen , J. S. Marron

We consider estimation and inference for a regression coefficient in panels with interactive fixed effects (i.e., with a factor structure). We demonstrate that existing estimators and confidence intervals (CIs) can be heavily biased and…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-13 Timothy B. Armstrong , Martin Weidner , Andrei Zeleneev

Bias correction can often improve the finite sample performance of estimators. We show that the choice of bias correction method has no effect on the higher-order variance of semiparametrically efficient parametric estimators, so long as…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-01-29 Jinyong Hahn , David W. Hughes , Guido Kuersteiner , Whitney K. Newey

I introduce a new method for bias correction of dyadic models with agent-specific fixed effects, including the dyadic link formation model with homophily and degree heterogeneity. The proposed approach uses a jackknife procedure to deal…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-18 David W. Hughes

Principal component analysis (PCA) is an exploratory tool widely used in data analysis to uncover dominant patterns of variability within a population. Despite its ability to represent a data set in a low-dimensional space, the…

Regularized variants of Principal Components Analysis, especially Sparse PCA and Functional PCA, are among the most useful tools for the analysis of complex high-dimensional data. Many examples of massive data, have both sparse and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-21 Genevera I. Allen , Michael Weylandt

This paper studies how to construct confidence regions for principal component analysis (PCA) in high dimension, a problem that has been vastly under-explored. While computing measures of uncertainty for nonlinear/nonconvex estimators is in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Yuling Yan , Yuxin Chen , Jianqing Fan

Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most popular dimension reduction techniques in statistics and is especially powerful when a multivariate distribution is concentrated near a lower-dimensional subspace. Multivariate extreme…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-15 Felix Reinbott , Anja Janßen

This paper introduces a straightforward sieve-based approach for estimating and conducting inference on regression parameters in panel data models with interactive fixed effects. The method's key assumption is that factor loadings can be…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-02-26 Georg Keilbar , Juan M. Rodriguez-Poo , Alexandra Soberon , Weining Wang

Healthcare data often come from multiple sites in which the correlations between confounding variables can vary widely. If deep learning models exploit these unstable correlations, they might fail catastrophically in unseen sites. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Minh Nguyen , Alan Q. Wang , Heejong Kim , Mert R. Sabuncu

Neural cellular automata (NCA) provide a lightweight alternative to encoder-decoder segmentation networks. However, it can be difficult to decide when a prediction should be trusted. Here, we study uncertainty estimation for NCA-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Ario Sadafi , Michael Deutges , Nassir Navab , Carsten Marr

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to a variety of blazars to examine X-ray spectral variability. Data from nine different objects are analysed in two ways: long-term, which examines variability trends across years or decades,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-08 Dennis Gallant , Luigi C. Gallo , Michael L. Parker

Sparse PCA provides a linear combination of small number of features that maximizes variance across data. Although Sparse PCA has apparent advantages compared to PCA, such as better interpretability, it is generally thought to be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-10-29 Youwei Zhang , Laurent El Ghaoui

Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) is a statistical technique used to extract common information from multiple data sources or views. It has been used in various representation learning problems, such as dimensionality reduction, word…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Benjamin Dutton

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely employed statistical tool used primarily for dimensionality reduction. However, it is known to be adversely affected by the presence of outlying observations in the sample, which is quite…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-26 Subhrajyoty Roy , Ayanendranath Basu , Abhik Ghosh

Previous versions of sparse principal component analysis (PCA) have presumed that the eigen-basis (a $p \times k$ matrix) is approximately sparse. We propose a method that presumes the $p \times k$ matrix becomes approximately sparse after…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-07 Fan Chen , Karl Rohe

This paper proposes a model-free approach to analyze panel data with heterogeneous dynamic structures across observational units. We first compute the sample mean, autocovariances, and autocorrelations for each unit, and then estimate the…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-01-16 Ryo Okui , Takahide Yanagi

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (sPCA) is a popular matrix factorization approach based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that combines variance maximization and sparsity with the ultimate goal of improving data interpretation. When…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-19 J. Camacho , A. K. Smilde , E. Saccenti , J. A. Westerhuis

A general asymptotic framework is developed for studying consis- tency properties of principal component analysis (PCA). Our frame- work includes several previously studied domains of asymptotics as special cases and allows one to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-26 Dan Shen , Haipeng Shen , J. S. Marron

Precision matrices play important roles in many practical applications. Motivated by temporally dependent multivariate data in modern social and scientific studies, we consider the statistical inference of precision matrices for…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-21 Jinyuan Chang , Yumou Qiu , Qiwei Yao , Tao Zou