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Work extraction from a heat engine in a cycle by a quantum mechanical device (quantum "piston") is analyzed. The standard definition of work fails in the quantum domain. The correct extractable work and its efficiency bound are shown to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-11 D. Gelbwaser-Klimovsky , R. Alicki , G. Kurizki

In developing quantum science and technologies, it is essential to demonstrate the so-called quantum advantages, which are performances that can be achieved only with the assistance of quantum resources. Most of the time, different quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Chung-Yun Hsieh , Manuel Gessner

With the approaching second quantum revolution, the study of quantum thermodynamics, particularly heat flow, has become even more relevant for two main reasons. First, understanding heat and other types of noise is essential for protecting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-25 Kasper Poulsen

Quantum measurement of a system can change its mean energy, as well as entropy. A selective measurement (classical or quantum) can be used as a "Maxwell's demon" to power a single-temperature heat engine, by decreasing the entropy. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-05 Noam Erez

Do quantum correlations lead to better performance with respect to several different systems working independently? For quantum thermal machines, the question is whether a working medium (WM) made of $N$ constituents exhibits better…

The nanoscopic isothermal machines are not only energy but also information transducers. We show that the generalized fluctuation theorem with information creation and entropy reduction can be fulfilled for the enzymatic molecular machines…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-02-06 Michal Kurzynski , Przemyslaw Chelminiak

We discuss work extraction from classical information engines (e.g., Szil\'ard) with $N$-particles, $q$ partitions, and initial arbitrary non-equilibrium states. In particular, we focus on their {\em optimal} behaviour, which includes the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-10 Léo Touzo , Matteo Marsili , Neri Merhav , Édgar Roldán

The concept of Maxwell demon plays an essential role in connecting thermodynamics and information theory, while entanglement and non-locality are fundamental features of quantum theory. Given the rapid advancements in the field of quantum…

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy of a closed system is non-decreasing. Discussing the Second Law in the quantum world poses new challenges and provides new opportunities, involving fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-01 A. V. Lebedev , D. Oehri , G. B. Lesovik , G. Blatter

A tantalizing version of Maxwell's demon is presented which appears to operate reversibly. A container of hard core disks is separated into two chambers of equal volume by a membrane that selects which disk can penetrate depending on the…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-22 P. A. Skordos

We consider the amount of work which can be extracted from a heat bath using a bipartite state shared by two parties. In general it is less then the amount of work extractable when one party is in possession of the entire state. We derive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jonathan Oppenheim , Michal Horodecki , Pawel Horodecki , Ryszard Horodecki

Mechanical Maxwell's demons, such as Smoluchowski's trapdoor and Feynman's ratchet and pawl need external energy source to operate. If you cease to feed a demon the Second Law of thermodynamics will quickly stop its operation. Nevertheless,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Z. K. Silagadze

The study of feedback control inspired by Maxwell's demon is central to the understanding of the relationship between thermodynamics and information. In this paper, we establish fundamental lower limits on the work costs of system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Kaiyuan Ji , Gilad Gour , Mark M. Wilde

Quantum information-processing techniques enable work extraction from a system's inherently quantum features, in addition to the classical free energy it contains. Meanwhile, the science of computational mechanics affords tools for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-13 Ruo Cheng Huang , Paul M. Riechers , Mile Gu , Varun Narasimhachar

We model the dynamics of a closed quantum system brought out of mechanical equilibrium, undergoing a non-driven, spontaneous, thermodynamic transformation. In particular, we consider a quantum particle in a box with a moving and insulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-21 Sofia Sgroi , Mauro Paternostro

We develop a physics-based model for classical computation based on autonomous quantum thermal machines. These machines consist of few interacting quantum bits (qubits) connected to several environments at different temperatures. Heat flows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Patryk Lipka-Bartosik , Martí Perarnau-Llobet , Nicolas Brunner

I study an autonomous quantum Maxwell's demon based on two exchange-coupled quantum dots attached to the spin-polarized leads. The principle of operation of the demon is based on the coherent oscillations between the spin states of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-01-24 Krzysztof Ptaszynski

The removal of heat generated during computation poses a major challenge for both classical and quantum information processing. In particular, heat removal is directly linked to a fundamental requirement of quantum computation: the ability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Tanmoy Biswas , Chandan Datta , Luis Pedro Garcia-Pintos

It is an established fact that quantum coherences have thermodynamic value. The natural question arises, whether other genuine quantum properties such as entanglement can also be exploited to extract thermodynamic work. In the present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-23 Akram Touil , Barış Çakmak , Sebastian Deffner

Few-level systems coupled to thermal baths provide useful models for quantum thermodynamics and to understand the role of heat currents in quantum information settings. Useful operations such as cooling or thermal masers have been proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Irene Ada Picatoste , Rafael Sánchez
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