Related papers: Objective Bayesian analysis of "on/off" measuremen…
I discuss an issue arising in analyzing data from astronomical surveys: accounting for measurement uncertainties in the properties of individual sources detected in a survey when making inferences about the entire population of sources.…
The past five years has seen a surge in research and innovative ideas for the imaging of extrasolar planets, particular terrestrial ones. We expect that within the next decade a space observatory will be launched with the objective of…
In this paper, we propose a Bayesian spectral deconvolution method for absorption spectra. In conventional analysis, the noise mechanism of absorption spectral data is never considered appropriately. In that analysis, the least-squares…
A hierarchy of statistics of increasing sophistication and accuracy is proposed, to exploit an interesting and fundamental arithmetic structure in the photon bunching noise of incoherent light of large photon occupation number, with the…
The sensitivity of astronomical X-ray detectors is limited by the instrumental background. The background is especially important when observing low surface brightness sources that are critical for many of the science cases targeted by…
This review article considers some of the most common methods used in astronomy for regressing one quantity against another in order to estimate the model parameters or to predict an observationally expensive quantity using trends between…
The analysis of gravitational wave interferometer data requires estimates for the noise covariance matrix. For stationary noise, this amounts to estimating the power spectrum. Classical methods such as Welch averaging are used in many…
Simulation-based inference (SBI) makes it possible to infer the parameters of a model from high-dimensional low-level features of the observed events. In this work we show how this method can be used to establish the presence of a weak…
Data driven modelling is vital to many analyses at collider experiments, however the derived inference of physical properties becomes subject to details of the model fitting procedure. This work brings a principled Bayesian picture, based…
Prior information often takes the form of parameter constraints. Bayesian methods include such information through prior distributions having constrained support. By using posterior sampling algorithms, one can quantify uncertainty without…
We consider the statistical inverse problem of estimating a background fluid flow field $\mathbf{v}$ from the partial, noisy observations of the concentration $\theta$ of a substance passively advected by the fluid, so that $\theta$ is…
In this article, we propose a novel method for sampling potential functions based on noisy observation data of a finite number of observables in quantum canonical ensembles, which leads to the accurate sampling of a wide class of test…
Detecting the presence of multiple incoherent sources is a fundamental and challenging task for quantum imaging, especially within sub-Rayleigh region. In this paper, the discrimination of one-versus-two point-like incoherent sources in…
A new method is presented for the analysis of small angle neutron scattering data from quasi-2D systems such as flux lattices, Skyrmion lattices, and aligned liquid crystals. A significant increase in signal to noise ratio, and a natural…
Implementing Bayesian inference is often computationally challenging in applications involving complex models, and sometimes calculating the likelihood itself is difficult. Synthetic likelihood is one approach for carrying out inference…
A common task in physics and astronomy is studying which of the competing hypotheses the data prefer. This is usually done by computing the Bayes factor between the two hypotheses, and either interpreting it in terms of the posterior odds…
Quantum backflow, a counterintuitive interference phenomenon where particles with positive momentum can propagate backward, is important in applications involving light-matter interactions. To date, experimental demonstrations of backflow…
The present operation of the ground-based network of gravitational-wave laser interferometers in "enhanced" configuration brings the search for gravitational waves into a regime where detection is highly plausible. The development of…
Observational astrophysics consists of making inferences about the Universe by comparing data and models. The credible intervals placed on model parameters are often as important as the maximum a posteriori probability values, as the…
Our ability to extract the maximal amount of information from future observations at gigahertz frequencies depends on our ability to separate the underlying cosmic microwave background (CMB) from galactic and extragalactic foregrounds. We…