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We determine the shared information that can be extracted from time-bin entangled photons using frame encoding. We consider photons generated by a general down-conversion source and also model losses, dark counts and the effects of multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Thomas Brougham , Christoph F. Wildfeuer , Stephen M. Barnett , Daniel J. Gauthier

Quantum communication holds a promise for absolutely secure transmission of secret messages and faithful transfer of unknown quantum states. Photonic channels appear to be very attractive for physical implementation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Lu-Ming Duan , Mikhail Lukin , Ignacio Cirac , Peter Zoller

A secret key shared through quantum key distribution between two cooperative players is secure against any eavesdropping attack allowed by the laws of physics. Yet, such a key can be established only when the quantum channel error rate due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. F. Chau

Quantum key distribution is a key application of quantum mechanics, shaping the future of privacy and secure communications. Many protocols require single photons, often approximated by strongly attenuated laser pulses. Here, we harness the…

Optical key distribution (OKD) protects the physical layer of communication links by taking advantage of the inherent noise present in the photodetection process. It allows for efficient generation of a shared random key between two distant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Karol Łukanowski , Michał Wójcik , Stefano Olivares , Konrad Banaszek , Marcin Jarzyna

In this paper we report a continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol using multimode coherent states generated on subcarrier frequencies of the optical spectrum. To detect the quadrature components of bosonic field we propose a…

High-dimensional entanglement promises to increase the information capacity of photons and is now routinely generated exploiting spatio-temporal degrees of freedom of single photons. A curious feature of these systems is the possibility to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Mirdit Doda , Marcus Huber , Gláucia Murta , Matej Pivoluska , Martin Plesch , Chrysoula Vlachou

Homodyne detection is considered as a way to improve the efficiency of communication near the single-photon level. The current lack of commercially available {\it infrared} photon-number detectors significantly reduces the mutual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 K. Nemoto , S. L. Braunstein

We present an experimental study of higher-dimensional quantum key distribution protocols based on mutually unbiased bases, implemented by means of photons carrying orbital angular momentum. We perform (d+1) mutually unbiased measurements…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols enable two distant parties to communicate with information-theoretically proven secrecy. However, these protocols are generally vulnerable to potential mismatches between the physical modeling and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Corentin Lanore , Xavier Valcarce , Jean Etesse , Anthony Martin , Jean-Daniel Bancal

Recent work has precisely characterized the achievable trade-offs between three key information processing tasks---classical communication (generation or consumption), quantum communication (generation or consumption), and shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-22 Mark M. Wilde , Patrick Hayden , Saikat Guha

Quantum networks using photonic channels require control of the interactions between the photons, carrying the information, and the elements comprising the nodes. In this work we theoretically analyse the spectral properties of an optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-23 Tom Schmit , Luigi Giannelli , Anders S. Sørensen , Giovanna Morigi

When implementing O-band quantum key distribution on optical fiber transmission lines carrying C-band data traffic, noise photons that arise from spontaneous Raman scattering or insufficient filtering of the classical data channels could…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-08 Mao Tong Liu , Han Chuen Lim

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two parties to establish a secret key over a potentially hostile channel by exchanging photonic quantum states, relying on the fact that it is impossible for an eavesdropper to tap the quantum channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-24 Jacob Mower , F. N. C. Wong , Jeff H. Shapiro , Dirk Englund

An energy-time entanglement-based dispersive optics quantum key distribution (DO-QKD) is demonstrated experimentally over optical fibers of 20 km. In the experiment, the telecom band energy-time entangled photon pairs are generated through…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-30 Xu Liu , Xin Yao , Heqing Wang , Hao Li , Zhen Wang , Lixing You , Yidong Huang , Wei Zhang

The decoy-state method is widely used in practical quantum key distribution systems to replace ideal single photon sources with realistic light sources by varying intensities. Instead of active modulation, the passive decoy-state method…

In the decoy quantum key distribution, we show that a smaller decoy intensity gives a better key generation rate in the asymptotic setting when we employ only one decoy intensity and the vacuum pulse. In particular, the counting rate of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-28 Masahito Hayashi

The reliable, deterministic production of trustworthy high-quality single photons is a critical component of discrete variable, optical quantum technology. For single-photon based fully error-corrected quantum computing systems, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-20 Sebastian Brandhofer , Casey R. Myers , Simon J. Devitt , Ilia Polian

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) stands as a revolutionary approach to secure communication, using the principles of quantum mechanics to establish unbreakable channels. Unlike traditional cryptography, which relies on the computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Alec L. Riso , Karthik Thyagarajan , Connor Whiting , Katherine Jimenez

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a device for generating light with arbitrary classical photon-number distribution. We use programmable acousto-optical modulation to control the intensity of light within the dynamic range of more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-30 Ivo Straka , Jaromír Mika , Miroslav Ježek
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