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Dynamical systems are frequently used to model biological systems. When these models are fit to data it is necessary to ascertain the uncertainty in the model fit. Here we present prediction deviation, a new metric of uncertainty that…

Applications · Statistics 2017-06-08 Benjamin Letham , Portia A. Letham , Cynthia Rudin , Edward P. Browne

The realization of autonomous scientific experimentation is currently limited by LLMs' struggle to grasp the strict procedural logic and accuracy required by biological protocols. To address this fundamental challenge, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Yuyang Liu , Liuzhenghao Lv , Xiancheng Zhang , Jingya Wang Li Yuan , Yonghong Tian

Modelling, parameter identification, and simulation play an important role in systems biology. Usually, the goal is to determine parameter values that minimise the difference between experimental measurement values and model predictions in…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Thomas Dierkes , Susanna Röblitz , Moritz Wade , Peter Deuflhard

AI models are increasingly prevalent in high-stakes environments, necessitating thorough assessment of their capabilities and risks. Benchmarks are popular for measuring these attributes and for comparing model performance, tracking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Anka Reuel , Amelia Hardy , Chandler Smith , Max Lamparth , Malcolm Hardy , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

In many chemical and biological applications, systems of differential equations containing unknown parameters are used to explain empirical observations and experimental data. The DEs are typically nonlinear and difficult to analyze,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-08-24 D. Goulet

Dynamic benchmarks interweave model fitting and data collection in an attempt to mitigate the limitations of static benchmarks. In contrast to an extensive theoretical and empirical study of the static setting, the dynamic counterpart lags…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Ali Shirali , Rediet Abebe , Moritz Hardt

Virtual cell (VC) models aim to predict cellular responses to any perturbations in silico and have emerged as a promising approach for drug discovery and precision medicine. Yet, a clear gap still remains: while models routinely reported…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-01 Xinjie Mao , Songming Zhang , Qianhong Wen , Xiangyu Wen , Kedu Jin , Hao Wu , Shuizhou Chen , Yuqiang Li , Lei Bai , Qi Liu , Ning Ding , Siqi Sun , Zhangyang Gao

To develop and investigate detailed mathematical models of cellular metabolic processes is one of the primary challenges in systems biology. However, despite considerable advance in the topological analysis of metabolic networks, explicit…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Ralf Steuer , Thilo Gross , Joachim Selbig , Bernd Blasius

Translating the relevance of preclinical models ($\textit{in vitro}$, animal models, or organoids) to their relevance in humans presents an important challenge during drug development. The rising abundance of single-cell genomic data from…

Process-level Reward Models (PRMs) are crucial for complex reasoning and decision-making tasks, where each intermediate step plays an important role in the reasoning process. Since language models are prone to various types of errors during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mingyang Song , Zhaochen Su , Xiaoye Qu , Jiawei Zhou , Yu Cheng

Benchmarking has been the cornerstone of progress in computer vision, natural language processing, and the broader deep learning domain, driving algorithmic innovation through standardized datasets and reproducible evaluation protocols. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Mohamed Elrefaie , Dule Shu , Matt Klenk , Faez Ahmed

Benchmarking has driven scientific progress in Evolutionary Computation, yet current practices fall short of real-world needs. Widely used synthetic suites such as BBOB and CEC isolate algorithmic phenomena but poorly reflect the structure,…

The current global food system produces substantial waste and carbon emissions while exacerbating the effects of global hunger and protein deficiency. This study aims to address these challenges by exploring the use of lignocellulosic…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 Mason Banks , Mark Taylor , Miao Guo

Predictive modelling is vital to guide preventive efforts. Whilst large-scale prospective cohort studies and a diverse toolkit of available machine learning (ML) algorithms have facilitated such survival task efforts, choosing the…

Mechanistic growth models play a major role in bioprocess engineering, design, and control. Their reasonable predictive power and their high level of interpretability make them an essential tool for computer aided engineering methods.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-07 Judit Aizpuru , Maxim Borisyak , Peter Neubauer , M. Nicolas Cruz Bournazou

Machine learning tasks involving biomedical signals frequently grapple with issues such as limited data availability, imbalanced datasets, labeling complexities, and the interference of measurement noise. These challenges often hinder the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-30 Xiaomin Li , Mykhailo Sakevych , Gentry Atkinson , Vangelis Metsis

Recent advances in multi-modal generative models have driven substantial improvements in image editing. However, current generative models still struggle with handling diverse and complex image editing tasks that require implicit reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Feng Han , Yibin Wang , Chenglin Li , Zheming Liang , Dianyi Wang , Yang Jiao , Zhipeng Wei , Chao Gong , Cheng Jin , Jingjing Chen , Jiaqi Wang

Foundation models have enabled rapid progress across many specialized domains by leveraging large-scale pre-training on unlabeled data, demonstrating strong generalization to a variety of downstream tasks. While such models have gained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Mirali Purohit , Bimal Gajera , Vatsal Malaviya , Irish Mehta , Kunal Kasodekar , Jacob Adler , Steven Lu , Umaa Rebbapragada , Hannah Kerner

Large language models (LLMs) have become important tools in solving biological problems, offering improvements in accuracy and adaptability over conventional methods. Several benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate the performance of…

Recent advances in microscopy have enabled the rapid generation of terabytes of image data in cell biology and biomedical research. Vision-language models (VLMs) offer a promising solution for large-scale biological image analysis,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Alejandro Lozano , Jeffrey Nirschl , James Burgess , Sanket Rajan Gupte , Yuhui Zhang , Alyssa Unell , Serena Yeung-Levy