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We introduce the concept of numerical Gaussian processes, which we define as Gaussian processes with covariance functions resulting from temporal discretization of time-dependent partial differential equations. Numerical Gaussian processes,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-31 Maziar Raissi , Paris Perdikaris , George Em Karniadakis

There are two ways to quantize free (gaussian) theory in strong background fields. In one of them, which we refer to as the Heisenberg approach, the mode functions are defined once and for entire space-time. In this approach there is no any…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-11-26 E. T. Akhmedov , K. A. Kazarnovskii

We prove that the set of $\gamma$-thick points of a planar Gaussian free field (GFF) with Dirichlet boundary conditions is a.s. totally disconnected for all $\gamma \neq 0$. Our proof relies on the coupling between a GFF and the nested…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-12 Juhan Aru , Léonie Papon , Ellen Powell

We establish a martingale-type characterisations for the continuum Gaussian free field (GFF) and for fractional Gaussian free fields (FGFs), using their connection to the stochastic heat equation and to fractional stochastic heat equations.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-05 Juhan Aru , Guillaume Woessner

We give a definition of thickness in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that is useful even for totally disconnected sets, and prove a Gap Lemma type result. We also guarantee an interval of distances in any direction in thick compact sets, relate thick sets…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-12-14 Alexia Yavicoli

In this article we aim at defining the discrete Gaussian free field (DGFF) on a compact manifold. Since there is no canonical grid approximation of a manifold, we construct a random graph that suitably replaces the square lattice…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Alessandra Cipriani , Bart van Ginkel

Gaussian process is a theoretically appealing model for nonparametric analysis, but its computational cumbersomeness hinders its use in large scale and the existing reduced-rank solutions are usually heuristic. In this work, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-25 Leo L. Duan , Xia Wang , Rhonda D. Szczesniak

We study two dimensional massless field in a box with potential $V\left( \nabla \phi \left( \cdot \right) \right) $ and zero boundary condition, where $V$ is any symmetric and uniformly convex function. Naddaf-Spencer and Miller proved the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-19 David Belius , Wei Wu

We propose practical deep Gaussian process models on Riemannian manifolds, similar in spirit to residual neural networks. With manifold-to-manifold hidden layers and an arbitrary last layer, they can model manifold- and scalar-valued…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-03 Kacper Wyrwal , Andreas Krause , Viacheslav Borovitskiy

Gaussian processes are the gold standard for many real-world modeling problems, especially in cases where a model's success hinges upon its ability to faithfully represent predictive uncertainty. These problems typically exist as parts of…

Gaussian process classification is a popular method with a number of appealing properties. We show how to scale the model within a variational inducing point framework, outperforming the state of the art on benchmark datasets. Importantly,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-10 James Hensman , Alex Matthews , Zoubin Ghahramani

As Gaussian processes are used to answer increasingly complex questions, analytic solutions become scarcer and scarcer. Monte Carlo methods act as a convenient bridge for connecting intractable mathematical expressions with actionable…

Critical points of a scalar quantitiy are either extremal points or saddle points. The character of the critical points is determined by the sign distribution of the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix. For a two-dimensional homogeneous and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. Vogel , W. Mohring

Bayesian learning using Gaussian processes provides a foundational framework for making decisions in a manner that balances what is known with what could be learned by gathering data. In this dissertation, we develop techniques for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-29 Alexander Terenin

We discuss various proposals of separating a tensor field into pure-gauge and gauge-invariant components. Such tensor field decomposition is intimately related to the effort of identifying the real gravitational degrees of freedom out of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-30 Xiang-Song Chen , Ben-Chao Zhu

We consider fluctuations in the distribution of critical points - saddle points, minima and maxima - of random gaussian fields. We calculate the asymptotic limits of the two point correlation function for various critical point densities,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2011-12-12 Avraham Klein , Oded Agam

The observed abundance of high-redshift galaxies and clusters contains precious information about the properties of the initial perturbations. We present a method to compute analytically the number density of objects as a function of mass…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 Sabino Matarrese , Licia Verde , Raul Jimenez

Gaussian processes are a powerful framework for uncertainty-aware function approximation and sequential decision-making. Unfortunately, their classical formulation does not scale gracefully to large amounts of data and modern hardware for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Jihao Andreas Lin

Gaussian processes are machine learning models capable of learning unknown functions in a way that represents uncertainty, thereby facilitating construction of optimal decision-making systems. Motivated by a desire to deploy Gaussian…

We propose a principled way to define Gaussian process priors on various sets of unweighted graphs: directed or undirected, with or without loops. We endow each of these sets with a geometric structure, inducing the notions of closeness and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-28 Viacheslav Borovitskiy , Mohammad Reza Karimi , Vignesh Ram Somnath , Andreas Krause