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Trees are partial orders in which every element has a linearly ordered set of predecessors. Here we initiate the exploration of the structural theory of trees with the study of different notions of \emph{branching in trees} and of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Valentin Goranko , Ruaan Kellerman , Alberto Zanardo

Tree-based protocols are ubiquitous in distributed systems. They are flexible, they perform generally well, and, in static conditions, their analysis is mostly simple. Under churn, however, node joins and failures can have complex global…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2010-04-27 Supriya Krishnamurthy , John Ardelius , Erik Aurell , Mads Dam , Rolf Stadler , Fetahi Wuhib

We establish a novel bijective encoding that represents permutations as forests of decorated (or enriched) trees. This allows us to prove local convergence of uniform random permutations from substitution-closed classes satisfying a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-01 Jacopo Borga , Mathilde Bouvel , Valentin Féray , Benedikt Stufler

Starting from any graph on $\{1, \ldots, n\}$, consider the Markov chain where at each time-step a uniformly chosen vertex is disconnected from all of its neighbors and reconnected to another uniformly chosen vertex. This Markov chain has a…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-09 François Bienvenu , Jean-Jil Duchamps , Félix Foutel-Rodier

This paper finally fully elaborates the tree pulldown method used by one of us (Harrington) to settle McLaughlin's conjecture. This method enables the construction of a computable tree $T_0$ whose paths are incomparable over $0^{(\alpha)}$…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Leo A. Harrington , Peter M. Gerdes

We give alternate constructions of (i) the scaling limit of the uniform connected graphs with given fixed surplus, and (ii) the continuum random unicellular map (CRUM) of a given genus that start with a suitably tilted Brownian continuum…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Grégory Miermont , Sanchayan Sen

In this paper we construct spanning trees in hyperbolic graphs that represent their hyperbolic compactification in a good way: so that the tree has a bounded number of distinct rays to each boundary point. The bound depends only on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-31 Matthias Hamann

Employing a recent technology of tree surgery we prove a ``deletion-constriction'' formula for products of rooted spanning trees on weighted directed graphs that generalizes deletion-contraction on undirected graphs. The formula implies…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-24 Matteo Polettini , Pedro E. Harunari , Sara Dal Cengio , Vivien Lecomte

Poisson's equation plays a fundamental role as a tool for performance evaluation and optimization of Markov chains. For continuous-time birth-death chains with possibly unbounded transition and cost rates as addressed herein, when…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-07-28 José Niño-Mora

A periodic parallelogram polyomino is a parallelogram polyomino such that we glue the first and the last column. In this work we extend a bijection between ordered trees and parallelogram polyominoes in order to compute the generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-14 Adrien Boussicault , Patxi Laborde-Zubieta

We introduce an extension of the P\'olya tree approach for constructing distributions on the space of probability measures. By using optional stopping and optional choice of splitting variables, the construction gives rise to random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-05 Wing H. Wong , Li Ma

We describe a new class of self-similar symmetric $\alpha$-stable processes with stationary increments arising as a large time scale limit in a situation where many users are earning random rewards or incurring random costs. The resulting…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Serge Cohen , Gennady Samorodnitsky

The family of negative torus links $T_{p,q}$ over a fixed number of strands $p$ admits a stable limit in reduced Khovanov homology as $q$ grows to infinity. In this paper, we endow this stable space with a bi-graded commutative algebra…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-06-28 Mounir Benheddi

We consider the following Markovian dynamic on point processes: at constant rate and with equal probability, either the rightmost atom of the current configuration is removed, or a new atom is added at a random distance from the rightmost…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-11-22 Peter Lakner , Josh Reed , Florian Simatos

In the critical beta-splitting model of a random $n$-leaf rooted tree, clades are recursively split into sub-clades, and a clade of $m$ leaves is split into sub-clades containing $i$ and $m-i$ leaves with probabilities $\propto 1/(i(m-i))$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-18 David Aldous , Svante Janson

In this paper, we set forth a new algorithm for generating approximately uniformly random spanning trees in undirected graphs. We show how to sample from a distribution that is within a multiplicative $(1+\delta)$ of uniform in expected…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-08-12 Jonathan A. Kelner , Aleksander Madry

This paper is devoted to a systematic study of a class of binary trees encoding the structure of rational numbers both from arithmetic and dynamical point of view. The paper is divided into two parts. The first one is a critical review of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-05-16 Claudio Bonanno , Stefano Isola

In [Aldous,Pitman,1998] a tree-valued Markov chain is derived by pruning off more and more subtrees along the edges of a Galton-Watson tree. More recently, in [Abraham,Delmas,2012], a continuous analogue of the tree-valued pruning dynamics…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-11-26 Wolfgang Löhr , Guillaume Voisin , Anita Winter

We propose a novel linearization of a constituent tree, together with a new locally normalized model. For each split point in a sentence, our model computes the normalizer on all spans ending with that split point, and then predicts a tree…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Yang Wei , Yuanbin Wu , Man Lan

We destroy a finite tree of size $n$ by cutting its edges one after the other and in uniform random order. Informally, the associated cut-tree describes the genealogy of the connected components created by this destruction process. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-07-20 Gabriel Berzunza