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The problem of complete evaporation of Schwarzschild black holes raised by Hawking is that one has an explosion of the temperature $T=1/8\pi M$ for vanishing black hole mass M. We consider the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole and note that if…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-09 Irina Aref'eva , Igor Volovich

Almost all of the entropy in the universe is in the form of Bekenstein--Hawking (BH) entropy of super-massive black holes. This entropy, if it satisfies Boltzmann's equation $S=\log{\cal N}$, hence represents almost all the accessible phase…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-18 Erik Aurell , Michał Eckstein , Paweł Horodecki

Hawking's groundbreaking prediction that black holes emit thermal radiation and ultimately evaporate remains unverified due to the extreme faintness of this radiation for stellar-mass or larger black holes. In this study, we explore a novel…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-23 Atreya Acharyya , Giacomo Cacciapaglia , Manuel Meyer , Francesco Sannino

This thesis is a review of black hole evaporation with emphasis on recent results obtained for two dimensional black holes. First, the geometry of the most general stationary black hole in four dimensions is described and some classical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Farid Benachenhou

While recent progress in the black hole information problem has shown that the entropy of Hawking radiation follows a unitary Page curve, the quantum state of Hawking radiation prior the Page time is still treated as purely thermal,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-31 Jonah Kudler-Flam , Yuya Kusuki

We start our analysis by deriving a master equation that describes the motion of a field with arbitrary spin $s$ on a 3-brane embedded in a non-rotating, uncharged (4+n)-dimensional black hole background. By numerical analysis, we derive…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Chris M. Harris , Panagiota Kanti

We study a regular rotating black hole evaporating under the Hawking emission of a single scalar field. The black hole is described by the Kerr-black-bounce metric with a nearly extremal regularizing parameter $\ell=0.99r_+$. We compare the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-06 Marco Calzá

Unitarization of black hole evaporation requires that quantum information escapes a black hole; an important question is to identify the mechanism or channel by which it does so. Accurate counting of black hole states via the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-30 Steven B. Giddings

The density matrix of Hawking radiation is calculated in the model of black hole with fluctuating horizon. Quantum fluctuations smear the classical horizon of black hole and modify the density matrix of radiation producing the off-diagonal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-02 Mikhail Z. Iofa

Black holes emit thermal radiation (Hawking effect). If after black-hole evaporation nothing else were left, an arbitrary initial state would evolve into a thermal state (`information-loss problem'). Here it is argued that the whole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Claus Kiefer

The puzzles of black hole evaporation can be studied in the simplified context of 1+1 dimensional gravity. The semi-classical equations of Callan, Giddings, Harvey and Strominger provide a consistent description of the evaporation process…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 L. Susskind , L. Thorlacius

Explicitly computed Penrose diagrams are plotted for a classical model of black hole formation and evaporation, in which black holes form by the accretion of infalling spherical shells of matter and subsequently evaporate by emitting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-15 Joseph C Schindler , Anthony Aguirre , Amita Kuttner

This paper examines how black holes might compute in light of recent models of the black-hole final state. These models suggest that quantum information can escape from the black hole by a process akin to teleportation. They require a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Seth Lloyd

With mass ratio larger than $\sim 5$ (which depends on the black hole spin and the star radius), star disruption is not expected for a black hole merging with a neutron star during the final plunge phase. In the late inspiral stage, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-28 Zhen Pan , Huan Yang

Blackbody radiation, emitted from a furnace and described by a Planck spectrum, contains (on average) an entropy of $3.9\pm 2.5$ bits per photon. Since normal physical burning is a unitary process, this amount of entropy is compensated by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-05 Ana Alonso-Serrano , Matt Visser

The \textit{memory burden} effect, the idea that the amount of information stored within a system contributes to its stabilization, is particularly relevant for systems with a large information storage capacity, such as black holes. In…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-01 Michael Zantedeschi , Luca Visinelli

Since Hawking's 1974 discovery, we expect that a black hole formed by collapse will emit radiation and eventually disappear. Closely related to the information loss puzzle is the challenge to define an objective notion of physical entropy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-31 Bernard S. Kay

Black hole (BH) evaporation is caused by creation of entangled particle-antiparticle pairs near the event horizon, with one carrying positive energy to infinity and the other carrying negative energy into the BH. Since under the event…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-31 Anatoly A. Svidzinsky

The formation and evaporation of a black hole can be viewed as a scattering process in Quantum Gravity. Semiclassical arguments indicate that the process should be non-unitary, and that all the information of the original quantum state…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Jorge G. Russo

We present a modified Schwarzschild solution for a model of evaporation of a black hole with information preservation. By drawing a direct analogy to the quantum pure accelerating mirror (dynamical Casimir effect of a 1D horizon), we derive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-12 Michael R. R. Good , Eric V. Linder