Related papers: Digital frequency domain multiplexing readout elec…

Low Noise Frequency Domain Multiplexing of TES Bolometers using Sub-kelvin SQUIDs

Digital Frequency-Domain Multiplexing (DfMux) is a technique that uses MHz superconducting resonators and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) arrays to read out sets of Transition Edge Sensors. DfMux has been used by several…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-10-26 Tucker Elleflot , Aritoki Suzuki , Kam Arnold , Chris Bebek , Robin H. Cantor , Kevin T. Crowley , John Groh , Tijmen de Haan , Amber Hornsby , John Joseph , Adrian T. Lee , Tiffany Liu , Joshua Montgomery , Megan Russell , Qingyang Yu

High-bandwidth frequency domain multiplexed readout of transition-edge sensors for neutrinoless double beta decay searches

The next-generation of cryogenic neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments require increasingly fast readout in order to improve background discrimination. These experiments, operated as cryogenic calorimeters at $\sim$10 mK, are usually…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-02-02 M. Adamič , M. Beretta , J. Camilleri , C. Capelli , M. A. Dobbs , T. Elleflot , B. K. Fujikawa , Yu. G. Kolomensky , D. Mayer , J. Montgomery , V. Novosad , A. M. Sindhwad , V. Singh , G. Smecher , A. Suzuki , B. Welliver

Frequency Multiplexed SQUID Readout of Large Bolometer Arrays for Cosmic Microwave Background Measurements

A technological milestone for experiments employing Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers operating at sub-kelvin temperature is the deployment of detector arrays with 100s--1000s of bolometers. One key technology for such arrays is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. A. Dobbs , M. Lueker , K. A. Aird , A. N. Bender , B. A. Benson , L. E. Bleem , J. E. Carlstrom , C. L. Chang , H. -M. Cho , J. Clarke , T. M. Crawford , A. T. Crites , D. I. Flanigan , T. de Haan , E. M. George , N. W. Halverson , W. L. Holzapfel , J. D. Hrubes , B. R. Johnson , J. Joseph , R. Keisler , J. Kennedy , Z. Kermish , T. M. Lanting , A. T. Lee , E. M. Leitch , D. Luong-Van , J. J. McMahon , J. Mehl , S. S. Meyer , T. E. Montroy , S. Padin , T. Plagge , C. Pryke , P. L. Richards , J. E. Ruhl , K. K. Schaffer , D. Schwan , E. Shirokoff , H. G. Spieler , Z. Staniszewski , A. A. Stark , K. Vanderlinde , J. D. Vieira , C. Vu , B. Westbrook , R. Williamson

Demonstration of MHz frequency domain multiplexing readout of 37 transition edge sensors for high-resolution x-ray imaging spectrometers

We report on the development and demonstration of a MHz frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) technology to read out arrays of cryogenic transition edge sensor (TES) X-ray microcalorimeters. In our FDM scheme, TESs are AC-biased at different…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-11-04 H. Akamatsu , D. Vaccaro , L. Gottardi , J. van der Kuur , C. P. de Vries , M. Kiviranta , K. Ravensberg , M. D'Andrea , E. Taralli , M. de Wit , M. P. Bruijn , P. van der Hulst , R. H. den Hartog , B-J. van Leeuwen , A. J. van der Linden , A. J McCalden , K. Nagayoshi , A. C. T. Nieuwenhuizen , M. L. Ridder , S. Visser , P. van Winden , J. R. Gao , R. W. M. Hoogeveen , B. D. Jackson , J-W. A. den Herder

Digital frequency multiplexing with sub-Kelvin SQUIDs

Digital frequency multiplexing (dfMux) is a readout architecture for transition edge sensor-based detector arrays and is used on telescopes including SPT-3G, POLARBEAR-2, and LiteBIRD. Here, we present recent progress and plans for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-17 Amy E. Lowitz , Amy N. Bender , Matthew A. Dobbs , Adam J. Gilbert

A Method of Measuring TES Complex ETF Response in Frequency-domain Multiplexed Readout by Single Sideband Power Modulation

The digital frequency domain multiplexing (DfMux) technique is widely used for astrophysical instruments with large detector arrays. Detailed detector characterization is required for instrument calibration and systematics control. We…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-09 Yu Zhou , Tijmen de Haan , Hiroki Akamatsu , Daisuke Kaneko , Masashi Hazumi , Masaya Hasegawa , Aritoki Suzuki , Adrian T. Lee

On-sky performance of the SPT-3G frequency-domain multiplexed readout

Frequency-domain multiplexing (fMux) is an established technique for the readout of large arrays of transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers. Each TES in a multiplexing module has a unique AC voltage bias that is selected by a resonant…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 A. N. Bender , A. J. Anderson , J. S. Avva , P. A. R. Ade , Z. Ahmed , P. S. Barry , R. Basu Thakur , B. A. Benson , L. Bryant , K. Byrum , J. E. Carlstrom , F. W. Carter , T. W. Cecil , C. L. Chang , H. -M. Cho , J. F. Cliche , A. Cukierman , T. de Haan , E. V. Denison , J. Ding , M. A. Dobbs , D. Dutcher , W. Everett , K. R. Ferguson , A. Foster , J. Fu , J. Gallicchio , A. E. Gambrel , R. W. Gardner , A. Gilbert , J. C. Groh , S. Guns , R. Guyser , N. W. Halverson , A. H. Harke-Hosemann , N. L. Harrington , J. W. Henning , G. C. Hilton , W. L. Holzapfel , D. Howe , N. Huang , K. D. Irwin , O. B. Jeong , M. Jonas , A. Jones , T. S. Khaire , A. M. Kofman , M. Korman , D. L. Kubik , S. Kuhlmann , C. -L. Kuo , A. T. Lee , E. M. Leitch , A. E. Lowitz , S. S. Meyer , D. Michalik , J. Montgomery , A. Nadolski , T. Natoli , H. Nguyen , G. I. Noble , V. Novosad , S. Padin , Z. Pan , P. Paschos , J. Pearson , C. M. Posada , W. Quan , A. Rahlin , D. Riebel , J. E. Ruhl , J. T. Sayre , E. Shirokoff , G. Smecher , J. A. Sobrin , A. A. Stark , J. Stephen , K. T. Story , A. Suzuki , K. L. Thompson , C. Tucker , L. R. Vale , K. Vanderlinde , J. D. Vieira , G. Wang , N. Whitehorn , V. Yefremenko , K. W. Yoon , M. R. Young

Developments on frequency domain multiplexing readout for large arrays of transition-edge sensor X-ray micro-calorimeters

At SRON we have been developing X-ray TES micro-calorimeters as backup technology for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) of the Athena mission, demonstrating excellent resolving powers both under DC and AC bias. We also developed a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-04 D. Vaccaro , H. Akamatsu , L. Gottardi , M. de Wit , M. P. Bruijn , J. van der Kuur , K. Nagayoshi , E. Taralli , K. Ravensberg , J. R. Gao , J. W. A. den Herder

Frequency domain multiplexing readout for large arrays of transition-edge sensors

We report our most recent progress and demonstration of a frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) readout technology for transition-edge sensor (TES) arrays, both of which we have been developing, in the framework of the X-IFU instrument on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-23 Davide Vaccaro , Hiroki Akamatsu , Luciano Gottardi , Jan van der Kuur , Kenichiro Nagayoshi , Emanuele Taralli , Martin de Wit , Marcel P. Bruijn , Anton J. van der Linden , Bert-Joost van Leeuwen , Paul van der Hulst , Kevin Ravensberg , Cor P. de Vries , Mikko Kiviranta , Jian-Rong Gao , Jan-Willem A. den Herder

Tuning of Kilopixel Transition Edge Sensor Bolometer Arrays with a Digital Frequency Multiplexed Readout System

A digital frequency multiplexing (DfMUX) system has been developed and used to tune large arrays of transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers read out with SQUID arrays for mm-wavelength cosmology telescopes. The DfMUX system multiplexes the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 K. MacDermid , P. Hyland , F. Aubin , E. Bissonnette , M. Dobbs , J. Hubmayr , G. Smecher , S. Warraich

Progress in the development of frequency domain multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on board the Athena mission

Frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) is the baseline readout system for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on board the Athena mission. Under the FDM scheme, TESs are coupled to a passive LC filter and biased with alternating current (AC…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-27 H. Akamatsu , L. Gottardi , J. van der Kuur , C. P. de Vries , M. P. Bruijn , J. A. Chervenak , M. Kiviranta , A. J. van den Linden , B. D. Jackson , A. Miniussi , K. Ravensberg , K. Sakai , S. J. Smith , N. Wakeham

Development of frequency domain multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on the Athena

We are developing the frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) read-out of transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeters for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) instrument on board of the future European X-Ray observatory Athena. The X-IFU…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-23 Hiroki Akamatsu , Luciano Gottardi , Jan van der Kuur , Cor P. de Vries , Kevin Ravensberg , Joseph S. Adams , Simon R. Bandler , Marcel P. Bruijn , James A. Chervenak , Caroline A Kilbourne , Mikko Kiviranta , A. J. van den Linden , Brian D. Jackson , Stephen J. Smith

Biasing and Demodulation Firmware for Kilopixel TES Bolometer Arrays

We describe the signal-processing firmware and software for a frequency-domain multiplexed (FDM) biasing and demodulation system that reads out Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometer arrays for mm-wavelength cosmology telescopes. This…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-21 Graeme Smecher , Francois Aubin , Eric Bissonnette , Matt Dobbs , Peter Hyland , Kevin MacDermid

Development of readout electronics for POLARBEAR-2 Cosmic Microwave Background experiment

The readout of transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers with a large multiplexing factor is key for the next generation Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiment, Polarbear-2, having 7,588 TES bolometers. To enable the large arrays, we…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 K. Hattori , Y. Akiba , K. Arnold , D. Barron , A. N. Bender , A. Cukierman , T. de Haan , M. Dobbs , T. Elleflot , M. Hasegawa , M. Hazumi , W. Holzapfel , Y. Hori , B. Keating , A. Kusaka , A. Lee , J. Montgomery , K. Rotermund , I. Shirley , A. Suzuki , N. Whitehorn

Recent Advances in Frequency-Multiplexed TES Readout: Vastly Reduced Parasitics and an Increase in Multiplexing Factor with sub-Kelvin SQUIDs

Cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements are fundamentally limited by photon statistics. Therefore, ground-based CMB observatories have been increasing the number of detectors that are simultaneously observing the sky. Thanks to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-18 T. de Haan , A. Suzuki , S. T. P. Boyd , R. H. Cantor , A. Coerver , M. A. Dobbs , R. Hennings-Yeomans , W. L. Holzapfel , A. T. Lee , G. I. Noble , G. Smecher , J. Zhou

A multiplexer for the ac/dc characterization of TES based bolometers and microcalorimeters

At SRON we are developing the Frequency Domain Multiplexing (FDM) for the read-out of the TES-based detector array for the future infrared and X-ray space mission. We describe the performances of a multiplexer designed to increase the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-12 Luciano Gottardi , Hiroki Akamatsu , Marcel Bruijn , Jan R. Gao , Roland den Hartog , Richard Hijmering , Henk Hoevers , Pourya Khosropanah , Jan van der Kuur , Anoton van der Linden , Marcel Lindeman , Marcel Ridder

Results and Limits of Time Division Multiplexing for the BICEP Array High Frequency Receivers

Time-Division Multiplexing is the readout architecture of choice for many ground and space experiments, as it is a very mature technology with proven outstanding low-frequency noise stability, which represents a central challenge in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-26 S. Fatigoni , P. A. R. Ade , Z. Ahmed , M. Amiri , D. Barkats , R. Basu Thakur , C. A. Bischoff , D. Beck , J. J. Bock , V. Buza , J. Cheshire , J. Connors , J. Cornelison , M. Crumrine , A. J. Cukierman , E. V. Denison , M. I. Dierickx , L. Duband , M. Eiben , J. P. Filippini , A. Fortes , M. Gao , C. Giannakopoulos , N. Goeckner-Wald , D. C. Goldfinger , J. A. Grayson , P. K. Grimes , G. Hall , G. Halal , M. Halpern , E. Hand , S. A. Harrison , S. Handerson , S. R. Hildebrandt , G. C. Hilton , J. Hubmayr , H. Hui , K. D. Irwin , J. H. Kang , K. S. Karkare , S. Kefeli , J. M. Kovac , C. L. Kuo , K. Lau , A. Lennox , T. Liu , K. G. Megerian , O. Y. Miller , L. Minutolo , L. Moncelsi , Y. Nakato , H. T. Nguyen , R. O Brient , S. Palladino , M. A. Petroff , A. Polish , T. Prouve , C. Pryke , B. Racine , C. D. Reintsema , T. Romand , M. Salatino , A. Schillaci , B. L. Schmitt , B. Singari , A. Soliman , T. St. Germaine , A. Steiger , B. Steinbach , R. Sudiwala , K. L. Thompson , C. Tsai , C. Tucker , A. D. Turner , C. Umiltà , C. Vèrges , A. Wandui , A. C. Weber , D. V. Wiebe , J. Willmert , W. L. K. Wu , E. Yang , E. Young , C. Yu , L. Zeng , C. Zhang , S. Zhang

The Simons Observatory microwave SQUID multiplexing detector module design

Advances in cosmic microwave background (CMB) science depend on increasing the number of sensitive detectors observing the sky. New instruments deploy large arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers tiled densely…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-03 Heather McCarrick , Erin Healy , Zeeshan Ahmed , Kam Arnold , Zachary Atkins , Jason E. Austermann , Tanay Bhandarkar , Jim A. Beall , Sarah Marie Bruno , Steve K. Choi , Jake Connors , Nicholas F. Cothard , Kevin D. Crowley , Simon Dicker , Bradley Dober , Cody J. Duell , Shannon M. Duff , Daniel Dutcher , Josef C. Frisch , Nicholas Galitzki , Megan B. Gralla , Jon E. Gudmundsson , Shawn W. Henderson , Gene C. Hilton , Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho , Zachary B. Huber , Johannes Hubmayr , Jeffrey Iuliano , Bradley R. Johnson , Anna M. Kofman , Akito Kusaka , Jack Lashner , Adrian T. Lee , Yaqiong Li , Michael J. Link , Tammy J. Lucas , Marius Lungu , J. A. B. Mates , Jeffrey J. McMahon , Michael D. Niemack , John Orlowski-Scherer , Joseph Seibert , Maximiliano Silva-Feaver , Sara M. Simon , Suzanne Staggs , Aritoki Suzuki , Tomoki Terasaki , Joel N. Ullom , Eve M. Vavagiakis , Leila R. Vale , Jeff Van Lanen , Michael R. Vissers , Yuhan Wang , Edward J. Wollack , Zhilei Xu , Edward Young , Cyndia Yu , Kaiwen Zheng , Ningfeng Zhu

Frequency Shift Algorithm: Design of a Baseband Phase Locked Loop for Frequency-Domain Multiplexing Readout of X-ray Transition-Edge Sensor Microcalorimeters

The Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) is an extremely sensitive device which is used to measure the energy of individual X-ray photons. For astronomical spectrometry applications, SRON develops a Frequency Domain Multiplexing (FDM) read-out…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-07-28 Paul van der Hulst , Jan van der Kuur , Ad Nieuwenhuizen , Davide Vaccaro , Hiroki Akamatsu , Patrick van Winden , Bert-Joost van Leeuwen , Jan-Willem den Herder

Digital Frequency Domain Multiplexer for mm-Wavelength Telescopes

An FPGA based digital signal processing (DSP) system for biasing and reading out multiplexed bolometric detectors for mm-wavelength telescopes is presented. This readout system is being deployed for balloon-borne and ground based cosmology…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-05-13 Matt Dobbs , Eric Bissonnette , Helmuth Spieler