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We report on a new class of Ising Machines (IMs) that rely on coupled parametric frequency dividers (PFDs) as macroscopic artificial spins. Unlike the IM counterparts based on subharmonic injection locking (SHIL), PFD IMs do not require…

We present a new scheme to efficiently establish entanglement between optical modes in a time-multiplexed coherent Ising machine (CIM) by means of nonlocal measurement and feedback. We numerically simulate and evaluate the generation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-13 Ryotatsu Yanagimoto , Peter L. McMahon , Edwin Ng , Tatsuhiro Onodera , Hideo Mabuchi

Many physical systems with the dynamical evolution that at its steady state gives a solution to optimization problems were proposed and realized as promising alternatives to conventional computing. Systems of oscillators such as coherent…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2022-07-26 Marvin Syed , Natalia G. Berloff

Asymmetric Ising model, in which coupled spins affect each other differently, plays an important role in diverse fields, from physics to biology to artificial intelligence. We show that coupled parametric oscillators provide a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 C. Han , M. Wang , B. Zhang , M. I. Dykman , H. B. Chan

Multi-objective combinatorial optimization in wireless communication networks is a challenging task, particularly for large-scale and diverse topologies. Recent advances in quantum computing offer promising solutions for such problems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Yu-Xuan Lin , Chu-Yao Xu , Chuan Wang

We introduce a self-consistent mean-field quantum optimization algorithm that approximates the ground state of classical Ising Hamiltonians. The algorithm decomposes the problem into independent subproblems and treats the interactions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Maxime Dupont , Bhuvanesh Sundar , Meenambika Gowrishankar

A non-Hermitian quantum optimization algorithm is created and used to find the ground state of an antiferromagnetic Ising chain. We demonstrate analytically and numerically (for up to N=1024 spins) that our approach leads to a significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-05 Alexander I. Nesterov , Gennady P. Berman , Juan C. Beas Zepeda , Alan R. Bishop

From condensed matter to quantum chromodynamics, multidimensional spins are a fundamental paradigm, with a pivotal role in combinatorial optimization and machine learning. Machines formed by coupled parametric oscillators can simulate spin…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-29 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Claudio Conti

In this study, we present a novel analytical approach to solving large-scale Ising problems by reformulating the discrete Ising Hamiltonian into a continuous framework. This transformation enables us to derive exact solutions for a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Amirhossein Rezaei , Mahmood Hasani , Alireza Rezaei , S. M. Hassan Halataei

The Ising model provides a natural mapping for many computationally hard combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Consequently, dynamical system-inspired computing models and hardware platforms that minimize the Ising Hamiltonian, have…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-11 Mohammad Khairul Bashar , Nikhil Shukla

We show that the nonlinear stochastic dynamics of a measurement-feedback-based coherent Ising machine (MFB-CIM) in the presence of quantum noise can be exploited to sample degenerate ground and low-energy spin configurations of the Ising…

Combinatorial optimization problems are crucial in industry. However, many COPs are NP-hard, causing the search space to grow exponentially with problem size and rendering large-scale instances computationally intractable. Conventional…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Eiji Kawase , Shuta Kikuchi , Hideaki Tamai , Shu Tanaka

We describe an efficient approximation algorithm for evaluating the ground-state energy of the classical Ising Hamiltonian with linear terms on an arbitrary planar graph. The running time of the algorithm grows linearly with the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-16 Nikhil Bansal , Sergey Bravyi , Barbara M. Terhal

Optimal MIMO detection has been one of the most challenging and computationally inefficient tasks in wireless systems. We show that the new analog computing techniques like Coherent Ising Machines (CIM) are promising candidates for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Abhishek Kumar Singh , Kyle Jamieson , Davide Venturelli , Peter McMahon

Physics-inspired computing paradigms, such as Ising machines, are emerging as promising hardware alternatives to traditional von Neumann architectures for tackling computationally intensive combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). While…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Sai Li , Yihao Zhang , Albert Lee , Zheng Zhu , Lang Zeng , Peng Wang , Lei Gao , Di Wu , Weisheng Zhao

Second harmonic injection (SHI) has emerged as a critical mechanism in enabling networks of coupled oscillators to function as Oscillator Ising Machines (OIMs), capable of minimizing the Ising Hamiltonian. While SHI facilitates phase…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Malihe Farasat , E. M. H. E. B. Ekanayake , Nikhil Shukla

As it is getting increasingly difficult to achieve gains in the density and power efficiency of microelectronic computing devices because of lithographic techniques reaching fundamental physical limits, new approaches are required to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Jean C. Coulombe , Mark C. A. York , Julien Sylvestre

Simulation of quantum systems is notoriously challenging for classical computers, while quantum hardware is naturally well-suited for this task. However, the imperfections of contemporary quantum systems poses a considerable challenge in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Yotam Shapira , Jovan Markov , Nitzan Akerman , Ady Stern , Roee Ozeri

Recent years have seen significant advances in quantum/quantum-inspired technologies capable of approximately searching for the ground state of Ising spin Hamiltonians. The promise of leveraging such technologies to accelerate the solution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-24 Robin Brown , David E. Bernal Neira , Davide Venturelli , Marco Pavone

We propose a neural network model, which, with appropriate assignment of the stability of its equilibrium points (EPs), achieves Hopfield-like associative memory. The oscillator Ising machine (OIM) is an ideal candidates for such a model,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yi Cheng , Zongli Lin