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In the classic sequential testing problem, we are given a system with several components each of which fails with some independent probability. The goal is to identify whether or not some component has failed. When the test costs are…
We show how to construct a dynamic ordered dictionary, supporting insert/delete/rank/select on a set of $n$ elements from a universe of size $U$, that achieves the optimal amortized expected time complexity of $O(1 + \log n / \log \log U)$,…
We provide a simple new randomized contraction approach to the global minimum cut problem for simple undirected graphs. The contractions exploit 2-out edge sampling from each vertex rather than the standard uniform edge sampling. We…
The guesswork refers to the distribution of the minimum number of trials needed to guess a realization of a random variable accurately. In this study, a non-trivial generalization of the guesswork called guessing cost (also referred to as…
Programmable quantum systems based on Rydberg atom arrays have recently emerged as a promising testbed for combinatorial optimization. Indeed, the Maximum Weighted Independent Set problem on unit-disk graphs can be efficiently mapped to…
We propose a sequential minimal optimization method for quantum-classical hybrid algorithms, which converges faster, is robust against statistical error, and is hyperparameter-free. Specifically, the optimization problem of the…
Weighted minwise hashing (WMH) is one of the fundamental subroutine, required by many celebrated approximation algorithms, commonly adopted in industrial practice for large scale-search and learning. The resource bottleneck of the…
Outcome probability estimation via classical methods is an important task for validating quantum computing devices. Outcome probabilities of any quantum circuit can be estimated using Monte Carlo sampling, where the amount of negativity…
We consider the minimum cut problem in undirected, weighted graphs. We give a simple algorithm to find a minimum cut that $2$-respects (cuts two edges of) a spanning tree $T$ of a graph $G$. This procedure can be used in place of the…
This work examines the expected computational cost to determine an approximate global minimum of a class of cost functions characterized by the variance of coefficients. The cost function takes $N$-dimensional binary states as arguments and…
Motivated by a problem in the theory of randomized search heuristics, we give a very precise analysis for the coupon collector problem where the collector starts with a random set of coupons (chosen uniformly from all sets). We show that…
Many applications rely on time-intensive matrix operations, such as factorization, which can be sped up significantly for large sparse matrices by interpreting the matrix as a sparse graph and computing a node ordering that minimizes the…
The minimum degree algorithm is one of the most widely-used heuristics for reducing the cost of solving large sparse systems of linear equations. It has been studied for nearly half a century and has a rich history of bridging techniques…
We consider low-space algorithms for the classic Element Distinctness problem: given an array of $n$ input integers with $O(\log n)$ bit-length, decide whether or not all elements are pairwise distinct. Beame, Clifford, and Machmouchi [FOCS…
It has been established that when the gradient coding problem is distributed among $n$ servers, the computation load (number of stored data partitions) of each worker is at least $s+1$ in order to resists $s$ stragglers. This scheme incurs…
The representation of a dynamic ordered set of $n$ integer keys drawn from a universe of size $m$ is a fundamental data structuring problem. Many solutions to this problem achieve optimal time but take polynomial space, therefore preserving…
Many streaming algorithms provide only a high-probability relative approximation. These two relaxations, of allowing approximation and randomization, seem necessary -- for many streaming problems, both relaxations must be employed…
In automated machine learning, scientific discovery, and other applications of Bayesian optimization, deciding when to stop evaluating expensive black-box functions in a cost-aware manner is an important but underexplored practical…
The Submodular Bin Packing (SMBP) problem asks for packing unsplittable items into a minimal number of bins for which the capacity utilization function is submodular. SMBP is equivalent to chance-constrained and robust bin packing problems…
We show how to find a minimum loop cutset in a Bayesian network with high probability. Finding such a loop cutset is the first step in Pearl's method of conditioning for inference. Our random algorithm for finding a loop cutset, called…