Related papers: Separating Para and Ortho Water
Water is a ubiquitous liquid with unique physico-chemical properties, whose nature has shaped our planet and life as we know it. Water in restricted geometries has different properties than in bulk. Confinement can prevent low-temperature…
A series of experiments for steady state rotation of water in vessels of various geometries is presented. The experiments focus on the geometrical characteristics of the rotating liquids and the change in their surface topology, from that…
The loss of information about the relative phase between two quantum states, known as decoherence, strongly limits resolution in electron paramagnetic spectroscopy and hampers the use of molecules for quantum information processing. At low…
Water and silicon are chemically dissimilar substances with common physical properties. Their liquids display a temperature of maximum density, increased diffusivity on compression, they form tetrahedral crystals and tetrahedral amorphous…
Here we demonstrate how para-hydrogen can be used to prepare a two-spin system in an almost pure state which is suitable for implementing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computation. A 12ns laser pulse is used to initiate a…
Quantum spin liquids are highly entangled ground states of quantum systems with emergent gauge structure, fractionalized spinon excitations, and other unusual properties. While these features clearly distinguish quantum spin liquids from…
One of the must important non-invasive techniques in medicine is the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), it is used to obtain information of the structure of the human body parts using three dimensional images. The technique to obtain these…
Quantum mechanical equations of motion are strictly linear in state descriptors, such as wavefunctions and density matrices, but equations describing chemical kinetics and hydrodynamics may be non-linear in concentrations. This…
Water's ability to self-dissociate into H$_3$O$^+$ and OH$^-$ ions is central to acid-base chemistry and bioenergetics. Recent experimental advances have enabled the confinement of water down to the nanometre scale, even to the…
We report on the immersion of a spin-qubit encoded in a single trapped ion into a spin-polarized neutral atom environment, which possesses both continuous (motional) and discrete (spin) degrees of freedom. The environment offers the…
Starting from the non-relativistic Pauli description of spin-1/2 particles, a set of fluid equations, governing the dynamics of such particles interacting with external fields and other particles, is derived. The equations describe…
We present NMR spectra of remote-magnetized deuterated water, detected in an unshielded environment by means of a differential atomic magnetometer. The measurements are performed in a $\mu$T field, while pulsed techniques are applied…
Photocatalytic water splitting represents a pivotal pathway for converting solar energy into chemical energy, with the core challenge lying in the design and optimization of photocatalysts [1] . TiO2, as a quintessential photocatalytic…
Water is one of the most abundant substances on Earth, and ice, i.e., solid water, has more than 18 known phases. Normally ice in nature exists only as Ice Ih, Ice Ic, or a stacking disordered mixture of both. Although many theoretical…
Intermolecular polarization interactions in water are determined using a minimal atomic multipole model constructed with distributed polarizabilities. Hydrogen bonding and other properties of water-water interactions are reproduced to fine…
Soft matter materials, such as polymers, membranes, proteins, are often electrically charged. This makes them water soluble, which is of great importance in technological application and a prerequisite for biological function. We discuss a…
Multi-hydrogenated species with proper symmetry properties can present different spin configurations, and thus exist under different spin symmetry forms, labeled as para and ortho for two-hydrogen molecules. We investigated here the…
Enrichment of nuclear spin isomers of molecules by infrared radiation resonant to molecular rovibrational transition is considered. Special attention is given to the enrichment by light-induced crossing of far separated ortho and para…
Paramagnetic ions and radicals play essential roles in biology and medicine, but detecting these species requires a highly sensitive and ambient-operable sensor. Optically addressable spin color centers in 3D semiconductors have been used…
Recently there have been a number of experiments on Ce$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$ and Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$, suggesting that these materials host a three-dimensional quantum spin liquid with emergent photons and fractionalized spinon excitations. However,…