Related papers: Physical Decomposition of Photon Angular Momentum
There are confusions about angular momentum propagation in scattering or decay processes involving the transition between particle systems that appear to transform differently under Lorentz transformations. This paper provides an analysis…
The Wigner eigenfunctions of a free quantum particle propagating on a plane are derived. Two possibilities are analysed. Firstly, the particle of given energy and angular momentum is discussed. In that case, a special choice of coordinates…
We develop some ideas about gauge symmetry in the context of Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism in the Hamiltonian formalism. One great benefit of this formalism is that it pairs momentum and configurational degrees of freedom, so that a…
We study the evolution of an orbital angular momentum (OAM) entangled bipartite photonic state for the case where one of the photons propagates through Kolmogorov turbulence, using the concurrence as a measure of entanglement. Quantum state…
In this brief note insightful remarks are made on the controversy on the decomposition of the proton spin into the spin and orbital angular momenta of quarks and gluons. It is argued that the difference in the perception on the nature of…
In this article we investigate the orbital angular momentum spectrum of photons produced in parametric down conversion process. We study how the transverse profile of the pump mode affects the spectrum as compared to a gaussian pump beam.…
We investigate the procedure of Schmidt modes extraction in systems with continuous variables. An algorithm based on singular value matrix decomposition is applied to the study of entanglement in an "atom-photon" system with spontaneous…
There are different operators of quark and gluon momenta, orbital angular momenta, and gluon spin in the nucleon structure study. The precise meaning of these operators are studied based on gauge invariance, Lorentz covariance and canonical…
Quantum protocols will be more efficient with high-dimensional entangled states. Photons carrying orbital angular momenta can be used to create a high-dimensional entangled state. In this paper we experimentally demonstrate the entanglement…
Exploiting electro-optic effects in liquid crystals, we achieved real-time control of the retardation of liquid- crystal-based $q$-plates through an externally applied voltage. The newly conceived electro-optic $q$-plates can be operated as…
In this letter, we investigate the effect of orbital angular momentum (OAM) on elastic photon-photon scattering in vacuum for the first time. We define exact solutions to the vacuum electro-magnetic wave equation which carry OAM. Using…
Motivated by a revision of the classical equations of electromagnetism that allow for the inclusion of solitary waves in the solution space, the material collected in these notes examines the consequences of adopting the modified model in…
We present a novel method for efficient sorting of photons prepared in states of orbital angular momentum (OAM) and angular position (ANG). A log-polar optical transform is used in combination with a holographic beam-splitting method to…
We study the entanglement evolution of photonic orbital angular momentum qubit states with opposite azimuthal indices $l_0$, in a weakly turbulent atmosphere. Using asymptotic methods, we deduce analytical expressions for the amplitude of…
The orbital angular momentum of photons, being defined in an infinitely dimensional discrete Hilbert space, offers a promising resource for high-dimensional quantum information protocols in quantum optics. The biggest obstacle to its wider…
Photons are almost involved in each field of science and daily life of everyone. However, there are still some fundamental and puzzling questions such as what a photon is.The expressions of electromagnetic fields of a photon are here…
We derive an arbitrary-gauge criterion under which condensed matter within an electromagnetic field may transition to a photon condensed phase. Previous results are recovered by selecting the Coulomb-gauge wherein photon condensation can…
We consider in a quantum field theory framework the effects of a classical magnetic field on the spin and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a free electron. We derive formulae for the changes in the spin and OAM due to the introduction of a…
We review the problem of spin decoherence of magnetic atoms deposited on a surface. Recent breakthroughs in scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) make it possible to probe the spin dynamics of individual atoms, either isolated or integrated…
Light beams carrying orbital angular momentum are key resources in modern photonics. In many applications, the ability of measuring the complex spectrum of structured light beams in terms of these fundamental modes is crucial. Here we…