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The complex Wishart ensemble is the statistical ensemble of $M \times N$ complex random matrices with $M \geq N$ such that the real and imaginary parts of each element are given by independent standard normal variables. The Marcenko--Pastur…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-06 Taiki Endo , Makoto Katori

The celebrated Mar\v{c}enko-Pastur law, that considers the asymptotic spectral density of random covariance matrices, has found a great number of applications in physics, biology, economics, engineering, among others. Here, using techniques…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-05-17 Isaac Pérez Castillo

We study the spectrum of generalized Wishart matrices, defined as $\mathbf{F}=( X Y^\top + Y X^\top)/2T$, where $X$ and $Y$ are $N \times T$ matrices with zero mean, unit variance IID entries and such that $\mathbb{E}[X_{it} Y_{jt}]=c…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-01-04 Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Marc Potters

In this work we study the spectral density of products of Wishart diluted random matrices of the form $X(1)\cdots X(M)(X(1)\cdots X(M))^T$ using the Edwards-Jones trick to map this problem into a system of interacting particles with random…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-07-25 Thomas Dupic , Isaac Pérez Castillo

We consider the complex eigenvalues of a Wishart type random matrix model $X=X_1 X_2^*$, where two rectangular complex Ginibre matrices $X_{1,2}$ of size $N\times (N+\nu)$ are correlated through a non-Hermiticity parameter $\tau\in[0,1]$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-26 Gernot Akemann , Sung-Soo Byun , Nam-Gyu Kang

The Wishart model for real symmetric correlation matrices is defined as $\mathsf{W}=\mathsf{AA}^{t}$, where matrix $\mathsf{A}$ is usually a rectangular Gaussian random matrix and $\mathsf{A}^{t}$ is the transpose of $\mathsf{A}$.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-10-22 Vinayak

We investigate whether the Wigner semi-circle and Marcenko-Pastur distributions, often used for deep neural network theoretical analysis, match empirically observed spectral densities. We find that even allowing for outliers, the observed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-04 Diego Granziol

In this work, we consider the weighted difference of two independent complex Wishart matrices and derive the joint probability density function of the corresponding eigenvalues in a finite-dimension scenario using two distinct approaches.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-11-17 Santosh Kumar , S. Sai Charan

Wishart ensembles of random matrix theory have been useful in modeling positive definite matrices encountered in classical and quantum chaotic systems. We consider nonzero means for the entries of the constituting matrix A which defines the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-05 Vinayak

We study various methods to generate ensembles of random density matrices of a fixed size N, obtained by partial trace of pure states on composite systems. Structured ensembles of random pure states, invariant with respect to local unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-27 Karol Zyczkowski , Karol A. Penson , Ion Nechita , Benoit Collins

A non-Hermitean extension of paradigmatic Wishart random matrices is introduced to set up a theoretical framework for statistical analysis of (real, complex and real quaternion) stochastic time series representing two "remote" complex…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-02-07 Eugene Kanzieper , Navinder Singh

We introduce a one-parameter deformation of the Wishart-Laguerre or chiral ensembles of positive definite random matrices with Dyson index beta=1,2 and 4. Our generalised model has a fat-tailed distribution while preserving the invariance…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Akemann , P. Vivo

We study the behavior of a real $p$-dimensional Wishart random matrix with $n$ degrees of freedom when $n,p\rightarrow\infty$ but $p/n\rightarrow 0$. We establish the existence of phase transitions when $p$ grows at the order…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-11 Didier Chételat , Martin T. Wells

Motivated by current interest in understanding statistical properties of random landscapes in high-dimensional spaces, we consider a model of the landscape in $\mathbb{R}^N$ obtained by superimposing $M>N$ plane waves of random wavevectors…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-14 Bertrand Lacroix-A-Chez-Toine , Sirio Belga Fedeli , Yan V. Fyodorov

Let $X_N$ be a $N \times N$ real Wishart random matrix with aspect ratio $M/N$. The limit eigenvalue distribution of $X_N$ is the Marchenko-Pastur law with parameter $c = \lim_N M/N$. The limit moments $\{m_n\}_n$ are given by $m_n =…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-30 James A. Mingo , Josue Vazquez-Becerra

The noncentral Wishart distribution has become more mainstream in statistics as the prevalence of applications involving sample covariances with underlying multivariate Gaussian populations as dramatically increased since the advent of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-25 Frédéric Ouimet

We develop a theoretical framework based on the cavity and replica methods to analyze the spectral properties of sparse asymmetric correlation matrices of the form $\boldsymbol{F} = (\boldsymbol{X}\boldsymbol{Y}^\top + \omega…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-10-21 Edgar Guzmán-González , Isaac Pérez Castillo

We investigate random density matrices obtained by partial tracing larger random pure states. We show that there is a strong connection between these random density matrices and the Wishart ensemble of random matrix theory. We provide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-05-14 Ion Nechita

We construct a diffusive matrix model for the $\beta$-Wishart (or Laguerre) ensemble for general continuous $\beta\in [0,2]$, which preserves invariance under the orthogonal/unitary group transformation. Scaling the Dyson index $\beta$ with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-01-29 Romain Allez , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Satya N. Majumdar , Pierpaolo Vivo

We show that the partial transposes of complex Wishart random matrices are asymptotically free. We also investigate regimes where the number of blocks is fixed but the size of the blocks increases. This gives a example where the partial…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2019-08-15 James A. Mingo , Mihai Popa
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