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We use Monte Carlo simulations to explore the statistical challenges of constraining the characteristic mass ($m_c$) and width ($\sigma$) of a lognormal sub-solar initial mass function (IMF) in Local Group dwarf galaxies using direct star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-12 Kareem El-Badry , Daniel R. Weisz , Eliot Quataert

We present deep spectroscopy with the Keck telescope of eight galaxies in the luminous X-ray cluster MS1054-03 at z=0.83. The data are combined with imaging observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The spectroscopic data are used…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Pieter G. van Dokkum , Marijn Franx , Daniel D. Kelson , Garth D. Illingworth

We construct a catalogue for filaments using a novel approach called SCMS (subspace constrained mean shift; Ozertem & Erdogmus 2011; Chen et al. 2015). SCMS is a gradient-based method that detects filaments through density ridges (smooth…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-03 Yen-Chi Chen , Shirley Ho , Jon Brinkmann , Peter E. Freeman , Christopher R. Genovese , Donald P. Schneider , Larry Wasserman

Inferring directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from data via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is computationally challenging in moderate-to-high dimensional settings because their discrete sampling space grows super-exponentially with the number…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Morris Greenberg , Kieran R Campbell , Radu Craiu

In this paper we introduce the SEAGLE (i.e. Simulating EAGLE LEnses) program, that approaches the study of galaxy formation through strong gravitational lensing, using a suite of high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations, Evolution and…

Blind face restoration (BFR) may correspond to multiple plausible high-quality (HQ) reconstructions under extremely low-quality (LQ) inputs. However, existing methods typically produce deterministic results, struggling to capture this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Wenjie Li , Yulun Zhang , Guangwei Gao , Heng Guo , Zhanyu Ma

We present results from a set of simulations designed to constrain the weak lensing shear calibration for the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. These simulations include HSC observing conditions and galaxy images from the Hubble Space…

Sampling from high-dimensional distributions has wide applications in data science and machine learning but poses significant computational challenges. We introduce Subspace Langevin Monte Carlo (SLMC), a novel and efficient sampling method…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-21 Tyler Maunu , Jiayi Yao

Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods often take many iterations to converge for highly correlated or high-dimensional target density functions. Methods such as Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) or No-U-Turn Sampling (NUTS) use the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-08 Kislaya Ravi , Tobias Neckel , Hans-Joachim Bungartz

We construct rest-frame luminosity functions at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8 and 24 microns over the redshift range 0<z<2 for galaxies and 0<z<4 for optical QSOs, using optical and infrared data from the Spitzer Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic survey.…

Next-generation galaxy surveys will be able to measure perturbations on scales beyond the equality scale. On these ultra-large scales, primordial non-Gaussianity leaves signatures that can shed light on the mechanism by which perturbations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-10 Mario Ballardini , William Luke Matthewson , Roy Maartens

Estimating a reliable covariance matrix for correlation functions of galaxies is a crucial task to obtain accurate cosmological constraints from galaxy surveys. We generate 2,000 independent lightcone mock luminous red galaxy (LRGs)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-04 Shogo Ishikawa , Teppei Okumura , Takahiro Nishimichi

The extensive catalog of $\gamma$-ray selected flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) produced by \emph{Fermi} during a four-year survey has generated considerable interest in determining their $\gamma$-ray luminosity function (GLF) and its…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Houdun Zeng , Fulvio Melia , Li Zhang

We present results from the Las Campanas Infrared Survey, designed to identify a statistically significant sample of z>=1 galaxies using photometric redshift techniques. Here we summarize the design and strategies of the survey and present…

We derive the number density evolution of massive field galaxies in the redshift range 0.4 < z < 1.2 using the K-band selected field galaxy sample from the Munich Near-IR Cluster Survey (MUNICS). We rely on spectroscopically calibrated…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 N. Drory , R. Bender , J. Snigula , G. Feulner , U. Hopp , C. Maraston , G. J. Hill , C. Mendes de Oliveira

Massive halos hosting groups and clusters of galaxies imprint coherent, arcminute-scale features across the spectrophotometric sky, especially optical-IR clusters of galaxies, distortions in the sub-mm CMB, and extended sources of X-ray…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-30 Cameron E. Norton , Fred C. Adams , August E. Evrard

An accurate theoretical template for the galaxy power spectrum is a key for the success of ongoing and future spectroscopic surveys. We examine to what extent the Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structure is able to provide such a…

In lattice quantum field theory studies, parameters defining the lattice theory must be tuned toward criticality to access continuum physics. Commonly used Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods suffer from critical slowing down in this…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-06-04 Gurtej Kanwar

A new semi-analytic modelling of galaxy evolution in the IR/submm is hereafter outlined. This type of approach successfully reproduces the optical properties of galaxies. We illustrate a simple extension to the IR/submm wavelength range by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Guiderdoni , E. Hivon , F. R. Bouchet

We present predictions for the evolution of the galaxy luminosity function, number counts and redshift distributions in the IR based on the Lambda-CDM cosmological model. We use the combined GALFORM semi-analytical galaxy formation model…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 C. G. Lacey , C. M. Baugh , C. S. Frenk , L. Silva , G. L. Granato , A. Bressan