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With the first metal enrichment by Population (Pop) III supernovae (SNe), the formation of the first metal-enriched, Pop II stars becomes possible. In turn, Pop III star formation and early metal enrichment are slowed by the high energy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Jarrett L. Johnson , Claudio Dalla Vecchia , Sadegh Khochfar

Current numerical studies suggest that the first galaxies formed a few stars at a time and were enriched only gradually by the first heavy elements. However, the large box sizes in these models cannot resolve primordial supernova explosions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniel Whalen , Bob Van Veelen , Brian W. O'Shea , Michael L. Norman

Metals from Population III (Pop III) supernovae led to the formation of less massive Pop II stars in the early universe, altering the course of evolution of primeval galaxies and cosmological reionization. There are a variety of scenarios…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-02 Ke-Jung Chen , Daniel J. Whalen , Katharina M. J. Wollenberg , Simon C. O. Glover , Ralf S. Klessen

We revisit the formation and evolution of the first galaxies using new hydrodynamic cosmological simulations with the ART code. Our simulations feature a recently developed model for H2 formation and dissociation, and a star formation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Alexander L. Muratov , Oleg Y. Gnedin , Nickolay Y. Gnedin , Marcel Zemp

We investigate the effect of the population III (Pop III) stars supernova explosion~(SN) on the high redshifts reionization history using the latest Planck data. It is predicted that massive Pop~III stars~($130M_\odot\leq M\leq 270M_\odot$)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Katsuya T. Abe , Hiroyuki Tashiro

We study cosmological simulations of early structure formation, including non-equilibrium molecular chemistry, metal pollution from stellar evolution, transition from population III (popIII) to population II (popII) star formation,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Umberto Maio , Sadegh Khochfar , Jarrett L. Johnson , Benedetta Ciardi

We investigate the transition from primordial Population III (Pop III) star formation to normal Pop II star formation in the first galaxies using new cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We find that while the first stars seed their host…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Alexander L. Muratov , Oleg Y. Gnedin , Nickolay Y. Gnedin , Marcel Zemp

By means of 3D hydrodynamic simulations, we study how Type Ia supernovae (SNe) explosions affect the star formation history and the chemical properties of second generation (SG) stars in globular clusters (GC). SG stars are assumed to form…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-18 Elena Lacchin , Francesco Calura , Enrico Vesperini

By definition, Population III stars are metal-free, and their protostellar collapse is driven by molecular hydrogen cooling in the gas-phase, leading to large characteristic masses. Population II stars with lower characteristic masses form…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 John H. Wise , Matthew J. Turk , Michael L. Norman , Tom Abel

We perform high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulations to study the formation of the first galaxies that reach the masses of $10^{8-9}~h^{-1}~M_\odot$ at $z=9$. The resolution of the simulations is high enough to resolve…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-10-13 Makito Abe , Hidenobu Yajima , Sadegh Khochfar , Claudio Dalla Vecchia , Kazuyuki Omukai

Observing the first generation of stars, Population III (Pop III), is still a challenge even with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) due to their faintness. Instead, searching for fossil records of Pop III stars in nearby dwarf galaxies…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-18 Teayong Lee , Myoungwon Jeon , Volker Bromm

The metal-poor stars in the Galactic halo are thought to show the imprints of the first (PopIII) stars, and thus provide a glance at the first episodes of star formation. In this work, we aim at understanding whether all very metal-poor…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-06 Irene Vanni , Stefania Salvadori , Ása Skúladóttir , Martina Rossi , Ioanna Koutsouridou

We present hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of sub galactic regions including photoionising and supernova feedack. We aim to improve the initial conditions of our region extraction models by including an initial…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-14 Nicholas P. Herrington , Clare L. Dobbs , Thomas J. R. Bending

The first generation of stars, often called Population III (or Pop III), form from metal-free primordial gas at redshifts 30 and below. They dominate the cosmic star formation history until redshifts 15 to 20, at which point the formation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-06 Ralf S. Klessen , Simon C. O. Glover

We investigate the chemo-dynamical effects of multiple supernova explosions in the central region of primordial galaxies using three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of the inhomogenous interstellar medium down to parsec-scales. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 K. Wada , A. Venkatesan

Through 3D hydrodynamical simulations, we explore the impact of Type Ia supernova (SN) explosions on the star formation history and chemical properties of second-generation (SG) stars in young globular clusters with masses of 10^5-10^6…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-14 E. Lacchin , M. Donati , F. Calura , C. Nipoti , A. Lupi , A. Yaghoobi

Population III (Pop III) stars are the first generation of stars to form in the universe, emerging from primordial gas composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. They play a crucial role in ending the cosmic dark ages and initiating…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-27 Bipradeep Saha , Rahul Kannan , Giovanni M. Mirouh

The observational signatures of the first cosmic explosions and their chemical imprint on second-generation stars both crucially depend on how heavy elements mix within the star at the earliest stages of the blast. We present numerical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 C. C. Joggerst , Daniel Whalen

The first generation of stars, Population III (Pop III), is believed to be massive, with some potentially having masses in the range 140 M$_\odot$ to 270 M$_\odot$ and capable of exploding as a pair-instability supernova (PISN). Such events…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-13 Aron Kordt , Simon C. O. Glover , Ralf S. Klessen

We investigate the evolution of the primordial gas surrounding the first massive black holes formed by the collapse of Population III stars at redshifts z > 20. Carrying out three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations using GADGET, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Jarrett L. Johnson , Volker Bromm
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